1. The eighteenth century France witnessed the emergence of the middle
class’. Who were they and what were their ideas?
2. Describe any three causes for the fall of the Jacobin government in
France.
3. What do you understand by the term “Reign of Terror’?
4. Highlight the provisions of the constitution which was introduced
after the fall of Jacobin club.
5. What role did women play during the revolutionary years?
Answers
1. The eighteenth century France witnessed the emergence of the middle
class’. Who were they and what were their ideas?
Ans. The eighteenth century witnessed the emergence of social groups,
termed as the middle class.
They earned their wealth through an expanding overseas trade and
manufacture of goods such as woolen silk textiles that were exported or
bought by the richer members of society.
In addition to merchants and manufacturers the third estate included
professionals such as lawyers or administrative officials.
2. Describe any three causes for the fall of the Jacobin government in
France.
Ans. The Jacobin government followed the policy of severe control and
punishment.
All those who were regarded as the enemy of the republic were arrested and
tried by tribunal. If found guilty they were guillotined.
Even Luis XVI was sentenced to death by a court on charge of treason.
Finally, opposition to such severe control began to grow and was responsible
for the fall of the Jacobin government.
3. What do you understand by the term “Reign of Terror’?
Ans. The period from 1793 to 1794 is referred to as reign of terror.
Robespierre followed the policy of severe control and punishment.All those who were regarded as the enemy of the republic were arrested and
tried by tribunal. If found guilty they were guillotined.
4. Highlight the provisions of the constitution which was introduced
after the fall of Jacobin club.
Ans. The fall of the Jacobin Government allowed the wealthier middle classed
to seize power.
A New constituent was introduced which denied the vote to non-propertied
sections of society.
It provided for two elected legislative councils. These then appointed a
Directory, and executive made up of five members.
This was mean as a safe guard against the concentration of power in a one
man executive as under the Jacobins.
5. What role did women play during the revolutionary years?
Ans. From the very beginning women were active participant in the events
which brought about so many important changes in French society.
In order to discuss and voice their interests women started their own political
clubs and newspapers.
About sixty women’s club came up in different French Cities. The Society of
revolutionary and Republican women was the most famous clubs.
1. The eighteenth century France witnessed the emergence of the middle
class’. Who were they and what were their ideas?
Ans. The eighteenth century witnessed the emergence of social groups,
termed as the middle class.
They earned their wealth through an expanding overseas trade and
manufacture of goods such as woolen silk textiles that were exported or
bought by the richer members of society.
In addition to merchants and manufacturers the third estate included
professionals such as lawyers or administrative officials.
2. Describe any three causes for the fall of the Jacobin government in
France.
Ans. The Jacobin government followed the policy of severe control and
punishment.
All those who were regarded as the enemy of the republic were arrested and
tried by tribunal. If found guilty they were guillotined.
Even Luis XVI was sentenced to death by a court on charge of treason.
Finally, opposition to such severe control began to grow and was responsible
for the fall of the Jacobin government.
3. What do you understand by the term “Reign of Terror’?
Ans. The period from 1793 to 1794 is referred to as reign of terror.
Robespierre followed the policy of severe control and punishment.All those who were regarded as the enemy of the republic were arrested and
tried by tribunal. If found guilty they were guillotined.
4. Highlight the provisions of the constitution which was introduced
after the fall of Jacobin club.
Ans. The fall of the Jacobin Government allowed the wealthier middle classed
to seize power.
A New constituent was introduced which denied the vote to non-propertied
sections of society.
It provided for two elected legislative councils. These then appointed a
Directory, and executive made up of five members.
This was mean as a safe guard against the concentration of power in a one
man executive as under the Jacobins.
5. What role did women play during the revolutionary years?
Ans. From the very beginning women were active participant in the events
which brought about so many important changes in French society.
In order to discuss and voice their interests women started their own political
clubs and newspapers.
About sixty women’s club came up in different French Cities. The Society of
revolutionary and Republican women was the most famous clubs.