1.The Mughals established a vast empire in the Indian subcontinent. Did
geographically far flung areas create administrative difficulties? How far is the
geographic extent of the empire responsible for its decline? Break out into small
groups think, discuss and present your views. (All the students should participate in
the discussion)
Answers
Answer:
Mughal Empire was huge which spreaded upto Myanmar in east , the himalyas in the north, till andhra and karnataka in south and till afganistan and iran in the west.
Yes, it was difficult to administer regions which far off from delhi.Eg - the Zabt policy was not followed in Bengal and Gujrat .
Yes as the later Mughals were not stronger to control such a vast empire. So regional powers started to emerge as powerful whivh lead to decline of Mughal Empire.
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Answer:
Monarchy was the political system; the son of the king would inherit the throne. But there was no rule that stated which son would inherit the throne, this led to a war of succession among brothers. For example, Aurangzeb killed his brother Dara Shikoh for the throne.
Explanation:
- The Mughal Empire ruled over a large portion of the Indian subcontinent. The Mughal Empire had expanded from Afghanistan to the Bay of Bengal and southward to what is now Gujarat state and the northern Deccan area of India by the death of Akbar, the third Mughal king.
- Aurangzeb was the last of the great Mughals. During his fifty-year rule, the empire reached its peak in terms of physical size, but it also displayed clear indications of collapse. The administration had become corrupt, and the vast army displayed obsolete equipment and tactics. For a while, Aurangzeb reestablished Mughal military superiority and pushed authority southward. Aurangzeb, a fanatical Muslim, abandoned prior measures that had served to maintain cordial relations with non-Hindus, enforcing Islamic rule and treating Hindus cruelly. He demolished several temples. Aurangzeb had the khutbah (Friday sermon) read in his name, not the Ottoman caliph's.
- Between 1688 to 1691, Aurangzeb beat the British, but their success over the French at the Battle of Plassey in 1757 quickly led to their rule of Bengal. The British established forts and commercial posts at Calcutta, Madras, and Bombay from their initial stronghold in Serat (later the three Presidencies). Furrukhsiyar will issue them a firman (royal decree) exempting them from customs taxes in 1717. The treaty of 1765 granted them the authority to collect taxes on the emperor's behalf (the Diwani of Bengal). Because taxes was tied to property ownership, this effectively gave them control over the land. The British system of District Collectors was well established even before the Mughal Empire's fall in 1857.
- Throughout British administration, the District Collector was the highest-ranking regional authority.
- Aurangzeb fought a number of lengthy conflicts, including those against the Pathans in Afghanistan, the sultans of Bijapur and Golkonda in the Deccan, the Marathas in Maharashtra, and the Ahoms in Assam. Peasant uprisings and revolts by local leaders became all too regular, as did the nobles' collusion to maintain their own standing at the price of a slowly deteriorating empire. The ruler's growing affiliation with Islam widened the schism between him and his Hindu subjects. There were many contenders for the Mughal throne, and the reigns of Aurangzeb's successors were brief and fraught with warfare.
- The Mughal Empire suffered severe setbacks when provincial nawabs (governors) rebelled and established autonomous kingdoms. The Mughals were forced to make peace with Maratha soldiers, and Persian and Afghan armies entered Delhi, taking numerous artefacts with them, including the Peacock Throne in 1739, which was later used by the shahs of Persia (Iran).
Reference Link
- https://brainly.in/question/13571528