1. The Supreme Court is the highest judicial body of the country. In this context,
explain the following questions.
a.Composition of the Supreme
Court.
b. Eligibility to become a judge of the Supreme Court.
c. Cases in which the Supreme Court enjoys original jurisdiction.
Answers
Answer:
a. The Court usually sits with a composition of three or five Judges and, exceptionally, seven Judges. When hearing cases concerning the constitutional validity of an Act of the Oireachtas (parliament) the Constitution requires that the Court consists of a minimum of five Judges.
b..In order to be appointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court, a person must be a citizen of India and must have been, for atleast five years, a Judge of a High Court or of two or more such Courts in succession, or an Advocate of a High Court or of two or more such Courts in succession for at least 10 years or he must be
years or he must be, in the opinion of the President, a distinguished jurist. Provisions exist for the appointment of a Judge of a High Court as an Ad-hoc Judge of the Supreme Court and for retired Judges of the Supreme Court or High Courts to sit and act as Judges of that Court.
c..Any dispute between the Indian Government and one or more States.
Any dispute between the Indian Government and one or more States on one side and one or more States on the other side.
Any dispute between two or more States.
Article 32 of the Constitution provides original jurisdiction to the SC for matters regarding the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
The SC can issue writs, directions, or orders including writs in the nature of mandamus, habeas corpus, quo warranto, prohibition and certiorari.
The SC also has the power to direct the transfer of a criminal or civil case from the High Court in one State to the High Court in another State.
It can also transfer cases from one subordinate court to another State High Court