1 titration practical sodium carbonate readings
Answers
Explanation:
A Two-Stage Reaction
When you add a hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution to a solution of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), the hydrogen ion in HCl switches places with one of the sodium ions in Na2CO3 to produce sodium hydrogencarbonate, also known as sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), and sodium chloride (salt).
Na2CO3(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaHCO3(aq) + NaCl(aq)
Sodium hydrogencarbonate is basic, and it reacts with the HCl still in solution to produce sodium chloride, carbon dioxide and water.
NaHCO3(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
Phenolphthalein is a good indicator for the first reaction because it responds to the pH change caused by the formation of sodium hydrogencarbonate. It is pink in basic solutions and turns colorless as soon as the solution becomes acidic. Methyl orange, on the other hand, responds to pH changes associated with the formation of NaCl, changing from yellow to red as the solution becomes more acidic. At neutrality, it is a distinct orange color.
Basic Procedure
Titrations generally call for accurately graduated beakers and pipettes for transferring solution from one beaker to another. Wear goggles and gloves for protection from corrosive chemicals.
Prepare the Solutions
Measure out a suitable amount of a sodium carbonate solution of unknown concentration and a hydrochloric acid solution of known concentration in separate graduated beakers.
Add Phenolphthalein Indicator
Put a few drops of phenolphthalein in the sodium carbonate solution. The indicator will turn pink.
Transfer the Titrant
Carefully add HCl to sodium carbonate solution until the solution becomes colorless. Record the volume of HCl solution you added.
Calculate Concentration
Calculate the number of moles of HCl in the original solution and derive from this the number of moles of Na2CO3 in the target solution, keeping in mind that 1 mole of HCl reacts with 1 mole of Na2CO3. Determine the concentration of the Na2CO3 solution using a volumetric analysis.