1 What are blood capillaries? How are these structurally different from arteries?
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Arteries transport blood away from the heart. Veins return blood back toward the heart. Capillaries surround body cells and tissues to deliver and absorb oxygen, nutrients, and other substances.
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- Capillaries are tiny blood vessels connecting arteries to veins. These blood vessels carry oxygen and nutrients to individual cells throughout the body.It consists of circularly arranged elastic fibers, connective tissue, and smooth muscle cells. The inner layer ( tunica intima ) is the thinnest layer, comprised of a single layer of endothelium supported by a subendothelial layer. Capillaries consist of a single layer of endothelium and associated connective tissue.
- The arteries have thicker smooth muscle and connective tissue than the veins to accommodate the higher pressure and speed of freshly-pumped blood. The veins are thinner walled as the pressure and rate of flow are much lower.
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