Biology, asked by prekshamehta, 1 year ago

1. What are Mutations?
2. Give classification of mutagens?
3. Diffrence between genomatic mutation and chromosomal aberrations ?
4. Give name of diseases which are caused due to aneuploidy ?

Answers

Answered by spriya
3
1.Mutation is a change in DNA, the hereditary material of life. An organism's DNA affects how it looks, how it behaves, and its physiology—all aspects of its life. So a change in an organism's DNA can cause changes in all aspects of its life.
2.A detection and classification system for mutagens has been developed that identifies the six possible base-pair substitution mutations. A set of six Salmonella typhimurium (TA7001 to TA7006) strains has been constructed, each of which carries a unique missense mutation in the histidine biosynthetic operon. In addition to the his mutation, these strains carry different auxiliary features that enhance the mutability of the target his mutation.
3.
A gene mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene. Mutations range in size from a single DNA building block (DNA base) to a large segment of a chromosome. 

A chromosomal mutation is a mutation involving a long segment of DNA, it is a any change in the structure or arrangement of the chromosomes. These mutations can involve deletions, insertions, or inversions of sections of DNA. In some cases, deleted sections may attach to other chromosomes, disrupting both the chromosomes that loses the DNA and the one that gains it.It is also referred to as a chromosomal rearrangement 
The differences between Gene mutation and Chromosome mutation are ; 

1- Chromosome mutations involve changes in the structure of a chromosome OR the loss or gain of a chromosome while Gene mutations involve a change in the nucleotide -base sequence of a gene on a DNA molecule. 

2- Chromosomal mutations are changes in the structure or the numbers of chromosomes (a gain or loss).
Gene mutations involve changes in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA molecule. 

3-A gene mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene. Mutations range in size from a single DNA building block (DNA base) to a large segment of a chromosome while a chromosomal mutation is a mutation involving a long segment of DNA, it is a any change in the structure or arrangement of the chromosomes. These mutations can involve deletions, insertions, or inversions of sections of DNA. In some cases, deleted sections may attach to other chromosomes, disrupting both the chromosomes that loses the DNA and the one that gains it.It is also referred to as a chromosomal rearrangement 


4-gene mutation is just a substitute in any old random nucleotide for any old random nucleotide 
chromosome mutation is missing of chromosome or +1 chromosome (down's syndrome)

Answered by Legend42
12

Answer:

Germline mutations occur in gametes. Somatic mutations occur in other body cells.

Chromosomal alterations are mutations that change chromosome structure.

Point mutations change a single nucleotide.

Frameshift mutations are additions or deletions of nucleotides that cause a shift in the reading frame.

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