1. What are the advantages of classifying organisms?
2. How would you choose between two characteristics to be used
for developing a hierarchy in classification?
4. Explain the basis for grouping organisms into five kingdoms.
What are the major divisions in the Plantae? What is the basis
for these divisions?
5. How are the criteria for deciding divisions in plants different
from the criteria for deciding the subgroups among animals?
6. Explain how animals in Vertebrata are classified into further
subgroups.
Answers
Answer:
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1) The advantages of classifying organisms:
- It makes us aware of and gives us information regarding the diversity of plants and animals.
- It makes the study of different kinds of organisms much easier.
- It tells us about the inter-relationship among the various organisms.
- It helps to understand the evolution of organisms.
2)For developing a hierarchy of classification, we choose the fundamental characteristics among several other characteristics. We need to look at the fact if given character is present in a small number of organisms or a larger number of organisms.
3) The basis of grouping organisms into five kingdoms is as follows: ... Heterotrophic organisms in which cell wall is present are taken under the kingdom fungi. Autotrophic organisms in which cell wall is present are taken in the kingdom Plantae. Organisms in which cell wall is absent are taken in the kingdom Animalia.
4)The kingdom Plantae is divided into five main divisions. The major divisions of Plantae are Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. Thallophyta: Simple body design; with no differentiation into root, stem and leaves. Bryophyta: Body is differentiated into stem and leaf-like structures.
5)The characteristics used to classify plants are different from animals. It is because the basic designs of animals are very different from plants. But the animals can't be divided into groups on these criteria. In the animal kingdom, anatomical characters are taken into consideration while deciding about subgroups.
6)Vertebrates are further classified according to several criteria like exoskeleton, respiratory organs, method of giving birth, number of chambers in heart, mode of living etc. They are further classified into classes Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammals.