Math, asked by Anonymous, 6 months ago

1. What are the components of blood? Explain their functions.

3.How does the human heart separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood?

4. How is blood transported in the body? Explain each type of blood vessel.

5. What is kidney failure? How are the patients of kidney failure treated?

6. Explain human heart with the help of a diagram.

7. Describe excretion in humans with the help of a diagram.

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Answered by Anonymous

1. It has four main components: plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Blood has many different functions, including: transporting oxygen and nutrients to the lungs and tissues. forming blood clots to prevent excess blood loss.

3. The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary vein and pumps it into the aorta, while the right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the vena cava and pumps it into the pulmonary vein. The pulmonary vein and aorta also have valves connecting them to their respective ventricle.

4. Arteries carry blood away from the heart. Pulmonary arteries transport blood that has a low oxygen content from the right ventricle to the lungs. Systemic arteries transport oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body tissues.

5. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is kidney failure that is treated by dialysis or kidney transplant. Some people with kidney failure choose not to have dialysis or a transplant but continue to receive care from their health care team, take medicines, and monitor their diet and lifestyle choices.

6. Human heart diagram highlighting the various anatomical structures. The right and the left region of the heart are separated by a wall of muscle called the septum. The right ventricle pumps the blood to the lungs for re-oxygenation through the pulmonary arteries.

7. Human excretory system:

(a) In humans, the excretory system consists of a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, urinary bladder and urethra.

(b) Kidneys are two bean shaped organs lying at the back of the abdomen, one on either side of the vertebral column. Waste products from the blood and urine are removed by the kidney.

(d) The urine produced by filtering the blood is transported to the urinary bladder. This is done by a pair of ureters. Ureters are long muscular tubes.

(e) Urinary bladder is a muscular bag like structure which can hold urine. The urinary bladder is under the control of nerves. When the bladder is full one get urge to urinate.

(f) This urine is thrown out of the body through urethra.

(g) Apart from the kidney, the skin and lungs are also helpful in the excretion.

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Answered by amansaleh655

Step-by-step explanation:

1 . Blood is a specialized body fluid. It has four main components: plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Blood has many different functions, including: transporting oxygen and nutrients to the lungs and tissues.

3. The heart is separated into four chambers: the right and left atria, and the right and left ventricles. Blood without oxygen coming back to the heart from other areas of the body enters into the right side of the heart and goes into the lungs. Blood that has been oxygenated by the lungs enters into the left side of the heart and is pumped back out into the body.

There are three main types of blood vessels:

★ Arteries. They carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to all of the body's tissues. They branch into smaller and smaller arteries as they carry blood farther from the heart and into organs.

★ Capillaries. These small blood vessels connect the arteries and the veins. Their thin walls allow oxygen, nutrients, carbon dioxide, and other waste to pass to and from cells.

★ Veins. These are blood vessels that take blood back to the heart. They get become larger as they get closer to the heart. The superior vena cava is the large vein that brings blood from the head and arms to the heart, and the inferior vena cava brings blood from the abdomen and legs into the heart.

5. A condition in which the kidneys stop working and are not able to remove waste and extra water from the blood or keep body chemicals in balance is known as kidney failure.

The main treatments for kidney failure are:

★Dialysis

★Kidney transplant

★Medical management

6. The heart is roughly cone shaped hollow organ. It is approximately the size of owner’s closed fist and weighs about 250-300 gm in female and 300-350gm in the male. The heart lies in the thoracic cavity in the space between the lungs (mediastinum) anterior to the vertebral column and posterior to the sternum. The heart consists of 4 chambers. At first, the heart is divided into the right and left side by the septum. Each side is further divided into 2 chambers each by the atrioventricular valve. The upper two chambers are called atrium and lower two are called ventricles. Atrium are thin-walled chamber separated by an interauricular septum

The right atrium receives impure blood from the body through the opening via superior and inferior vena cava. Ventricles are a thick-walled chamber. separated by the thick inter-ventricular septum.