Question

1. What causes day and night?
2. What is a leap year?
3. How are seasons on the earth caused?
4. What is circle of illumination?
5. Why do people in Australia celebrate Christmas in summer season?
6. Describe the effect of tilt of the earth's axis.
7. What is the plane of the earth's orbit?
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Answer 1

Answer:

1. The Earth orbits the sun once every 365 days and rotates about its axis once every 24 hours. Day and night are due to the Earth rotating on its axis, not its orbiting around the sun. The term 'one day' is determined by the time the Earth takes to rotate once on its axis and includes both day time and night time.
2. It takes approximately 365.25 days for Earth to orbit the Sun — a solar year. We usually round the days in a calendar year to 365. ... But approximately every four years, February has 29 days instead of 28. So, there are 366 days in the year. This is called a leap year.
3. The seasons are caused by the tilt of the Earth's rotational axis away or toward the sun as it travels through its year-long path around the sun. The Earth has a tilt of 23.5 degrees relative to the "ecliptic plane" (the imaginary surface formed by it's almost-cicular path around the sun).
4. The circle of illumination is the division between day and night over the earth. The circle of illumination bisects (cuts in half) all latitudes on the spring and autumnal equinoxes. At this time, all places have equal day length (12 hours). The circle of illumination always bisects the equator (0 degrees latitude)
5. Because Australia is in the southern hemisphere and when there is winter in the northern hemisphere, there will be summer in the southern hemisphere. So when we celebrate Christmas in the northern hemisphere in winter, the people living in Australia( southern hemisphere ) they will be celebrating it in summers.
6. This is what is known axial tilt, where a planet's vertical axis is tilted a certain degree towards the ecliptic of the object it orbits (in this case, the Sun). Such a tilt results in there being a difference in how much sunlight reaches a given point on the surface during the course of a year.
7. By definition, the reference plane for the Solar System is usually considered to be Earth's orbital plane, which defines the ecliptic, the circular path on the celestial sphere that the Sun appears to follow over the course of a year.365 days.

Explanation:

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