Question

1
What characteristics did the ghazal form assume in the hands of Amir
Khusrau? Elaborate.
in the role and function of the ghazal form in the early medieval period.​

Answer 1

Answer:

"Ghazal was written by the poet Amir Khusrau. The characteristics in whuch ghazal form assume in the hands of Amir Khusrau andd the role and function of the ghazal form in the early medieval period  was given below.

Explanation:

• This poem is based on the woman's helpless misery caused by seperation from his lover. When awake she can neither sleep nor be at peace with herself.
• The effect of love was suggested by the incident of leaving her lover.
• The bonding between these two brings out the love beautifully and the feelings the woman has for her lover.
• The poem Ghazal paint the experience of the human bonding.
• The use of words and image is a fine example of language enriched by love and longing.

Role and function of Ghazal form in the early medieval period:

• The early medieval India had social section that mixed with unknown and lesser known people with the sense of curiosity and pleasure.
• There could be competition in the trade workplace and neighborhood living, people welcomed novelty of thought.
• Ghazal as an art form could serve to reveal the urge to change one's way of expressing oneself.
• Among people of the upper strata there would be a vision of beauty that crossed boundaries of upper standards.

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Answer 2

Answer & Explanation:

• Amir Khusrau (1253 - 1325) was a disciple of Chishti Sufi saint of Delhi. He was a poet and musician and wrote in Persian and Hindavi (a hybrid language between his mother tongue and Hindustani).
• He was the first poet to pioneer folk genres as well which included doha, paheli, geet, quallaba, qaul etc.
• He also invented qawwali in which he sang ghazals.
• Amir mixed Persian with Urdu to sing his ghazals in a language which later came to be known as Rekhta.
• These were usually sang in Sufi gatherings and were the heart of Urdu poetry.
• The main expression through ghazals was love and pain.

Ghazals are still evolving and were a form of poetic expression in Urdu with metaphors and idioms framing the words. After Amir, the ghazal form quickly gained popularity in languages such as Sindhi, Punjabi, Baluchi etc.

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