1.what do you know about the different literary periods in philippine literature?
2. what are the essential elements of the literary pieces under different periods of literature?
Answers
Component parts of a work of literature.
Allegory : The characters are representative of some larger humanistic trait and attempt to convey some larger lesson or meaning in life.
Allusion : A reference to something in history, culture or literature (especially historical).
Antagonist : The force that works against the protagonist.
Characterization : The creation and development of the people in a story.
Climax : The point in the story where the conflict is at its peak.
Conflict : The struggle a character must overcome.
Connotation : Implied meaning of the word is the associated meaning that comes from its use in various social contexts; will change over time and vary from location to location.
Crisis : A significant turning point in the story that determines how it must end.
Diction : The author's choice of words to imply some social or connotative meaning.
Exposition : The background information of a story.
Flashback : A strategy of plot sequencing where the author takes the reader back to events that occurred before the present time in the story.
Foreshadowing : Use of clues to suggest something that is going to happen.
Imagery : The author's attempt to create a mental picture in the mind of the reader.
Irony : A twist of fate in which the results of action are not the expected results.
Metaphor : A comparison of two generally unlike things meant to illuminate truth.
Motif : A recurring image or idea.
Mood : The feeling a reader gets from a story.
Plot : The events that occur in a story.
Point of View : Refers to whether that story is told by a character or an outside observer.
Protagonist : The character the story revolves around.
Resolution : The conclusion of the story.
Setting : Where and when the action takes place.
Structure : The way that the writer arranges the plot of a story.
Subplot : A secondary plot strand that is a supporting side story for the main plot.
Suspense : The tension that the author uses to create a feeling of discomfort about the unknown.
Symbolism : A person, place, event or object that has a deeper meaning that its literal meaning.
Theme : The central idea or lesson about life that an author conveys.
Tone : The author's voice or attitude about what he or she writes
There are 6 different literary periods in Philippine literature.
- The Pre-colonial, Spanish Colonization, Propaganda and Revolutionary, American Colonial, Japanese Occupation, and Contemporary or Modern periods are the six literary eras in the Philippines.
- PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD (—BC to 1564) - During this time, literary genres like oral literature, folk ballads, folktales, and epics first emerged. While narrative songs were employed to recount historical tales, many folk songs had straightforward rhythms. Pre-colonial Philippine epics generally included reflections on social ethics while telling legendary themes.
- PERIOD OF SPANISH COLONIZATION (1565–1863) – There were two main categories throughout this time: religious and secular. Theater gained popularity. Religious hymns and poetry gained popularity at this time because Spanish explorers tried to teach their language to the local populace. Similar strategies were used when prose was first introduced in an effort to change social behaviour. Philippine authors began employing prose to their own advantage in the 19th century by writing about the detrimental impacts of colonisation.
- PROPAGANDA AND REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD (1864–1896) – During this time, the Filipinos were instilled with a sense of national identity and the language changed from Spanish to Tagalog. Propaganda literature, including political essays, novels, and literature about revolution, was a popular literary genre.
- DURING THE AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD (1910–1945), English was made available in all mainstream schools across the nation. This implied that American literature, notably the advent of free verse poetry, had an influence on Philippine literature. As Philippine culture and the traditions of romantic movies converged, short stories and romance novels both gained popularity.
- JAPANESE OCCUPATION (1942–1960) – During the Japanese occupation, Filipino writing replaced Philippine literature that had previously been written in English. The Japanese government did everything in its power to divert Filipino sympathies away from them out of great hatred for Americans. The faithful Filipinos received huge rewards from them.
- PERIOD OF THE CONTEMPORARY/MODERN (1960-PRESENT) - The current era began to take shape after military dictatorship in the 1960s. Short stories, prose, and poetry are still widely read, but writing has become more professional and competitive nationwide. Workshop attendance is encouraged, and literary prize ceremonies are held annually.
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