1. What does the term 'satyagraha' mean?
2. What was the Rowlatt Act? What horrific incident
did it result in?
3. Why was the Simon Commission sent to India?
Why did the Indians oppose it?
4. Why was the Khilafat Movement launched?
5. Why was the Dandi March undertaken?
6. What were the main features of the Government
of India Act, 1935?
7. What were the recommendations of the Cabinet
Mission?
Answers
Answer:
1 Satyagraha, (Sanskrit and Hindi: “holding onto truth”) concept introduced in the early 20th century by Mahatma Gandhi to designate a determined but nonviolent resistance to evil.
2 The Rowlatt Act came into effect on 21 March 1919. ... The army was called into Punjab, and on 13 April people from neighbouring villages gathered for Baisakhi Day celebrations and to protest against deportation of two important Indian leaders in Amritsar, which led to the infamous Jallianwala Bagh massacre of 1919.
3 1928 (February - March and October 1928 - April 1929)
It was opposed by Nehru, Gandhi, Jinnah (Pakistan), the Muslim League and Indian National Congress because it contained seven members of the British Parliament but no Indians. Indians saw it as a violation to their right of self determination and insult to their self respect.
4 The Khilafat movement (1919-1924) was an agitation by Indian Muslims allied with Indian nationalism in the years following World War I. Its purpose was to pressure the British government to preserve the authority of the Ottoman Sultan as Caliph of Islam following the breakup of the Ottoman Empire at the end of the war.
5 Gandhi through his Dandi March tried to protest against the regressive policies of the British Government and arouse the people of India to fight against the colonialism and its evils through non-violent means. This was the immediate reason for the Dandi March.
6 Abolition of provincial dyarchy and introduction of dyarchy at centre. Abolition of Indian Council and introduction of an advisory body in its place. Provision for an All India Federation with British India territories and princely states.
7 (1) The whole of India including the Princely States should form a Federation. (2) The Central Government should be in charge of foreign affairs, defence and communication. (3) The provinces and the states should enjoy all other powers.
Answer:
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