1) What is Earth's magnetic declination?
2) Why does a magnetic compass do not show us the exact geographic North?
3) Why does the angle of declination is different at different places on earth's surface and why does it change at a place with time?
4) Earth is a huge magnet. It has a magnetic field of its own. So, where are the exact locations of the magnetic poles?
Answers
Answer:
By convention, declination is positive when magnetic north is east of true north, and negative when it is to the west. Isogonic lines are lines on the Earth's surface along which the declination has the same constant value, and lines along which the declination is zero are called agonic lines.
A magnetic compass does not point to the geographic north pole. A magnetic compass points to the earth's magnetic poles, which are not the same as earth's geographic poles. ... Therefore, the magnetic field lines of the earth run from the southern geographic hemisphere towards the northern geographic hemisphere
In most locations on Earth, magnetic north differs from true north, so magnetic declination has to be taken into account. Magnetic declination is expressed in degrees east or west. A western declination is usually stated as a negative value while an eastern declination is represented by a positive value.
Earth's magnetic and geographic poles are situated opposite of one another. In other words, Earth's magnetic south pole is actually near the geographic North Pole. ... The magnetic south pole is located at 64.13 S 136.02 E, just off the coast of Antarctica in the direction of Australia.