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1. What is reflection and its application
:define reflection
: laws of Reflection
types of reflectien with diagram
:reflection of plane mirror with diagram
: characteristic of Image formed by
plane mirror with diagram
Reflection in a spherical mirror
(concave and convex) with Image
diagram and characteristics
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Answers
Answer:
Definition:
The law of reflection defines that upon reflection from a smooth surface, the angle of the reflected ray is equal to the angle of the incident ray, with respect to the normal to the surface that is to a line perpendicular to the surface at the point of contact.
The reflected ray is always in the plane defined by the incident ray and the normal to the surface at the point of contact of the incident ray.
The images produced by plane mirrors and curved mirrors can be understood by the law of reflection.
Law of reflection is defined as:
The principle when the light rays falls on the smooth surface, the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence, also the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the surface all lie in the same plane.
What is Reflection of Light?
The process through which light rays fall on the surface and gets bounced back is known as a reflection of light.
Examples of Laws of Reflection
Q1: A ray of light is incident towards a plane mirror at an angle of 30° with the mirror surface. What will be the angle of reflection?
Ans:
Since the angle of incidence is measured between the incident ray and the normal, so, here the angle of incidence is not 60°
According to the Law of Reflection,
θi = θr
Hence,
Angle of Reflection = 60°
Q2: A light ray strikes a reflective plane surface at an angle of 54° with the surface.
(i) Calculate the angle of incidence.
(ii) Calculate the angle of reflection.
(iii) Calculate the angle made by the reflected ray and the surface.
(iv) Calculate the angle made by the incident and reflected rays.
Ans:
(i) Angle of incidence, θi = 90° – 54°=36°
(ii) Angle of Reflection, θr = 36° (As per Law of Reflection)
(iii) Angle made by the reflected ray and the surface,
q=90° – r = 90° – 36° = 54°
(iv) Angle made by the incident and reflected rays,
θi = θr =36° + 36° = 72°
Q3:
Laws Of Reflection Questions
Find angle α made by the system of the two mirrors shown in the figure below so that the incident ray at A and the reflected ray at B are parallel.
Ans:
. Regular Reflection Irregular Reflection
1 It occurs when all the reflected rays from a given smooth surface are parallel for parallel incident rays. It occurs when for a given set of incident parallel rays, the reflected rays do not remain parallel to each other.
2 This occurs from smooth surfaces like a mirror, silver spoon, etc. This occurs from rough surfaces like wood, table, door, book, etc.
3 The image is formed and seen. It helps to see objects. No images.
Concave Mirrors:
Concave mirrors give real, inverted images if the object is beyond the focus and a virtual, erect, enlarged image if the object has a distance less than the focal length from the pole of the mirror.
Uses of Concave Mirrors:
Concave mirrors are used in torches, searchlights, and headlights of vehicles to get powerful parallel beams of light.
Concave mirrors are also used as shaving mirrors to see a larger image of the face.
Dentists use concave mirrors to see bigger images of the teeth of the patients.
4) Large concave mirrors are used to focus sunlight to produce heat in the solar furnaces.
Convex Mirrors:
Convex Mirrors always give a virtual, erect, diminished image of the object behind the mirror.
Uses of Convex Mirrors:
The convex mirror is used as a side-view mirror in vehicles to give a smaller view of the vehicles coming from behind.
They are used in shops and supermarkets and any other place where there is a requirement for detecting burglars.
Convex mirrors are used in making lenses of sunglasses.
Convex mirrors are used in magnifying glasses, and telescopes.
Convex mirrors are used to reflect street light; because they can reflect over a wide area.
Convex mirrors are kept at the street corners to avoid collisions.
Total Internal Reflection:
When light passes from denser medium to lighter medium at an angle more than the critical angle required for refraction, then the light is reflected back into the denser medium. This is a phenomenon called Total Internal Reflection. The light undergoing the total internal reflection also follows the ordinary laws of reflection for light as shown below:
Uses of Reflection:
Reflection is used in periscopes to view advancing enemies on the battlefield from a safe position.
Reflection is the reason why we see objects.
Reflection by a concave mirror and a convex mirror has many uses as listed above.
Reflection helps in medical diagnosis and optical communications.
Light and Sound both follow the law of reflection, both being waves.
Using the law of reflection for sound and light, we can measure the distances accurately to objects.
Reflection is the reason why we hear the echo of sound.