1) what makes a India federal country ?
2) Discuss about division of legislative powers among different levels of government in India.
3) Distinguish between coming together and holding together federations.
Answers
Explanation:
1)India a federal country because of the following reasons: There are levels of governments—Central Government, State Government and Local Government. ... The Indian Constitution contains three lists which contain subjects in which the Union and the State Governments may form laws.
2)The division of power between the Central and State Governments is done in a three fold distribution of legislative powers between the Union and the State Governments.
There are three lists - Union List, State List and Concurrent List.
(i) Union List: It includes subjects of national importance, e.g., defence of the country, foreign affairs, banking, communication and currency. The Central Government alone can make decisions on these matters.
The aim of including these matters in Union List is to ensure uniformity in the policy of these areas throughout the country.
(ii) State List: It consists subjects of state and local importance such as police, trade, commerce, agriculture and irrigation. The State Governments alone can make laws and decisions on these areas.
(iii) Concurrent List: It includes those subjects which are of common interest to both the Central as well as State Governments. It includes matters like education, forests, marriage and trade unions. Both the State and Central Governments can make decision on these matters.
3)Holding together federalism
Coming together federalism
When a large country decides to divide its power between the constituent States and the national government, it is known as Holding together federalism.
Independent states come together on their own to form a bigger unit, it is known as Coming together federalism.
In this kind of federation, all the constituent States usually have equal powers
In this kind of federation, the central government tends to be more powerful vis-à-vis the States.
All the states come together to pool their sovereignty and retain identity to increase their security
The central government ensures the sovereignty of the country.
Example: USA and Australia
Example: India and Spain