Question

1. What role did woman play during revolutionary years ?

2. What types of taxes were paid by the third estates in France ?

3. What was guillotine ?

4. How could abolition of slavery become possible in France ?

5. State the cause of the empty treasury of France under Louis XVl ?

6. Explain the role philliospher in the French revolution of 1789 ?
​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Women performed crucial tasks in the American Revolution, organizing fundraising drives, supplying the troops, working in the military camps, and tending to the wounded soldiers.
2. The third estate paid a direct tax called taille. In direct tax on salt and tobacco Feudal dues were extracted from the peasants. The Church too extracted its share of taxes called tithes from the peasants, and finally, all members of the third estate had to pay taxes to the state.
3. A guillotine is an apparatus designed for efficiently carrying out executions by beheading. The device consists of a tall, upright frame with a weighted and angled blade suspended at the top. The condemned person is secured with stocks at the bottom of the frame, positioning the neck directly below the blade
4. Abolition of slavery became possible in France by the following ways: (i) The slave trade began in the 18th century The National Assembly held long debates about whether the rights of man should be extended to all French subjects including those in the colonies. (ii) Convention in 1794 legislated to free all slaves in the French overseas possessions. (iii) However, Napoleon reintroduced slavery. Finally slavery was abolished in 1848.
5. Five causes for the empty treasury of France under Louis XVI are: (i) Long years of war had drained the financial resources of France. (ii) High cost of maintenance of immense palace of Versailles and court. (iii) Under Louis XVI France helped the thirteen American colonies to gain independence. (iv) War added to a debt. (v) Lenders began to barge high interest on loans.
6. (1) During 18 th century , France had many revolutionary thinkers. Among them were Voltaire , Rousseau , Montesquieu and Dederot . Their revolutionary ideas helped the people to fight for their rights . (2) They exposed the inefficiency of the monarch and and his government.

Explanation:

Answer 2

Answer:

5ans : Upon the accession of Louis XVI , the king found an empty treasury .

-long war had drained the financial resources of

France

- Added to this was the cost of maintaining an extravagant court and the immense palace of Versailles.

-Under Louis XVI , France helped the 13 American colonies to hain their independence from the common enemy Britain.

-the war added more than a billion livers to a debt that had already risen to more than 2billion livers. Lenders who gave the state credit charge 10% intrest on loans

- To meet its regular expenses , such as the cost of army , the court , running government offices or universities , the state used force to increase taxes

3rd ans : The guillotine is a device consisting of two poles and a blade with which a person is beheaded.

2nd ans Taxes paid by the 3rd estate people are tithes and tile.

all answers can be found in text book of that chapter