1. What was Rowlatt Act? Explain the reaction of Indians against the Rowlatt Act.
2. Why was Simon commission sent to India? Why did it fail?
3. Why was Poona pact signed?
Answers
Answer:
1. The Rowlatt Act was an act which allowed the British government the authority and the power to arrest people and keep them in prison for up to two years, without any trial if they were suspected with the charge of terrorism. Indians reacted against this unreasonable act Gandhiji wanted a non-violent civil disobedience against the unjust law and decided to start a hartal on 6th April 1919. Rallies were organised in various cities. People organised hartals all over the country in protest of the Rowlatt Act and the shops were shut down.
2. It failed because the commission did not have a single Indian member. They were all British. When the Simon Commission arrived in India in 1928, it was greeted with the slogan 'Go back, Simon'. All parties, including the Congress and the Muslim League, participated in the demonstrations.
3. It was made on 24 September 1932 at Yerwada Central Jail in Poona, India. It was signed by Ambedkar on behalf of the depressed classes and Madan Mohan Malviya on behalf of the Upper Caste Hindus as a means to end the fast that Gandhi was undertaking in jail as a protest against the MacDonald communal award
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