Question

1. What were the important changes that were introduced by the British after the revolt of 1857?

2. What was the permanent settlement? What were its benefits and disadvantages?

3. Explain how man is polluting water in Urban areas?

4. Why do we need an independent judiciary in India?​

Answer 1

Answer:

⚫ The rule of the East India Company ended and India came directly under the British crown through an Act in 1858. The Governor - General was given the title of Viceroy. ⚫ The ratio of Europeans to Indian soldiers was increased. No Indian was given any key positions.

The permanent settlement secured a fixed and stable income for the state and the state could depend upon that income, monsoons or no monsoons. Further, it saved the Government the expenses that had to be spent in making periodical assessments and settlements.

Explanation:

Urban areas have the potential to pollute water in many ways. ... Groundwater and surface water can be contaminated from many sources such as garbage dumps, toxic waste and chemical storage and use areas, leaking fuel storage tanks, and intentional dumping of hazardous substances.

Answer 2

1. ⚫ The rule of the East India Company ended and India came directly under the British crown through an Act in 1858. The Governor - General was given the title of Viceroy.

⚫ The ratio of Europeans to Indian soldiers was increased. No Indian was given any key positions.

2.Following were the disadvantages of the Permanent settlement:

• Zamindars never invested to improve the land production.
• The revenue to be payed to the company was very high.
• Also, the rent paid by the peasants to the Zamindars was equally high which made the lives of the cultivator difficult.

4. It is vitally important in a democracy that individual judges and the judiciary as a whole are impartial and independent of all external pressures and of each other so that those who appear before them and the wider public can have confidence that their cases will be decided fairly and in accordance with the law.

3. In urban areas, sources of diffuse water pollution include:

• Pollutants from car parks and transport, such as oil and brake fluid, rubber and metal from tyres and brakes, exhaust emissions, and detergents and grease from vehicle cleaning.
• Heavy metals and pollution washed from roofs