1. who were the later Mughals 2. why were the Sayyid brothers called Kingmakers.3.what were some of the regional kingdoms that emerged in the 18tcentury .4. name three nawabs of bengal.5.who were the ashtapradhan.
Answers
ANSWER:
1. Later Mughals: Later Mughals were the rulers after Aurangazeb. They are considered as later Mughals because they were very weak rulers. They were not like superior Mughals i.e like Akbar, Shah Jahan, Jahangir etc. After the death of Aurangazeb, the last important ruler, the Mughal dynasty started to decline. Rulers like Muhammed Shah, Bahadur Shah, Farukh Siyar etc were considered as later Mughals.
2. Sayyid Brothers - Kingmakers: The Sayyid brothers refer to Syed Hussain and Syed Hussain. They were from the reign of Aurangazeb. They were considered as more powerful because they created emperors and dethroned the emperors as their wish. Hence, they are known as "kingmakers".
3. Regional Kingdoms in the 18th century: Many regional kingdoms rose during the reign of Aurangazeb and Later Mughals. This was due to the religious policy and for power. Some of the regional kingdoms were the Rajputs, Qutbshahis, Asafjahis, Marathas, Nawabs of Bengal, Mysore and Awadh etc.
4. Nawabs of Bengal: The nawabs of Bengal were from different dynasties. Nawabs like Siraj ud doula, Mir Jafar and Mir Qasim were the important nawabs because of Battle of Plassey and Battle of Buxar.
5. Astapradhans: Astapradhan is a council of ministers during the rule of Marathas. Astapradhan consists of 8 ministers who assist and advise the king. This Astapradhan was founded by Maratha ruler Chatrapathi Shivaji. Some of the ministers from Astapradhan were Amatya, Pandita Rao, Mahasenapati Peshwa etc.
The Peshwas or prime ministers rose to power after the death of Shivaji who later ruled the Marathas.
☆Who were later Mughals??
The word "Mughal" is derived from the word Mongol.The
Mughal empire was founded by Babur.
Auragzeb's successors were the Later Mughals and they ruled for almost 150 years(1707-1857).
Important among them were Bahadur Shah I ,Jahandar Shah, Farrukhsiyar and Muhammad Shah .
The Later Mughals were not as capable as the Greater Mughals.They became puppets in the hands of their shrewd nobles.
☆Why were the Sayyid brothers called Kingmakers?
Hussain Ali khan and Abdullah khan were Sayyid brothers, they were known as kingmakers because they supported the weaker kings and made them rulers.
☆What were some of the regional kingdoms that emerged in the 18th century?
The boundaries of the Mughal Empire were reshaped by the emergence of a number of independent kingdoms. In major parts of eastern India, another power, the British had successfully gained control by 1765.
☆Name three nawabs of Bengal.
Murshid Quki Khan.
Ali vardi khan.
Mir Jafar.
☆Who were ashtrapradhan?
The ashta pradhan also termed ashta pradhad or the council of 8 ministers that administered the maratha empire.It was formed in 1674 by the king chatraprati shivaji maharaj.