Question

1.write a summary oj a passage
In the early days of farming, people did not understand how plants obtained essential nutrients. It so
happened that wood ash, fish remains and slaughterhouse waste were thrown on vacant land just to get
rid of them. Then, people started to notice that the grass, bushes and shrubs on this vacant land began
to grow very well. They reasoned that if their farmland were similarly treated, the growth of their crops
would also improve. People gradually began to realize that the nutrients required by plants came from
the soil and that the amount of nutrients could be increased by the application of such organic remains
to the soil. Thus started the manuring process in farming. The practice of manuring has been practised
as early since the seventeenth century. However, the importance of manuring was not properly
understood until scientists began to study the nutritional needs of plants and gave birth to fertilizers.
Thus, gradually, the use of fertilizers became accepted by farmers. There are many types of manure and
fertilizer currently being used. Manure is a substance derived from animals and plants. The most
important advantage of using manure is the fact that they not only supply a wide range of plant
nutrients, but also improve the structure of the soil. It cements together the soil particles to form soil
crumbs. The crumb structure is a desirable condition of cultivated soil. The addition of manure to soil
will increase the inorganic and humus content which helps to prevent soil erosion and loss of plant
nutrients when it rains. The common manure used in farming consists of farmyard manure, compost,
blood meal, bone meal and fish meal. Unlike manure, fertilizers are inorganic substances which do not
improve the structure of the soil. They only supply extra amounts of nutrients to the growing plants
when applied to the soil. The commercial fertilizers commonly used today can be classified into three
major categories, namely, nitrogen (N), phosphate and potash fertilizers. Besides knowing the type of
fertilizer to use, a farmer also needs to know when to apply the fertilizer and how to apply it. The
fertilizer should be applied at the time when the plants need particular nutrient most. The time and
method of application will determine howprofitably the fertilizers have been used in farming. Fertilizers
which have not been properly applied cannot be absorbed in large quantities by plant roots. These
fertilizers may be washed away by rain or they may kill the plants. This would mean a definite financial
loss for the farmer.​

Answer 1

Answer:

In this passage the main idea is of how early people understood how plants grew very well. Once when they threw organic wastes onto some barren land they got to know that grass grew very well and they treated their crops the same way they got beneficial. The scientists developed Fertilizers which also improved the nutrients in soil and also this fertilizer contained one very important element Nitrogen(N). And these fertilizers also give certain loss when applied more or when rain comes the fertilizer may kill the plants.

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