1) Write the observation in each of the following cases when. (a) Active metal is added to dilute hydrochloric acid. (b) Dilute acid is added to a solution of metal carbonate or metal hydrogen carbonate. (c) Crystals of hydrated copper sulphate are heated.
Answers
1) Metal compound A reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce effervescence. The gas evolved extinguishes a burning candle.
2) When an acid reacts with a metal carbonate a salt, carbon dioxide and water are formed. Look at the following examples: Nitric acid reacts with sodium carbonate to form sodium nitrate, carbon dioxide and water.
3) The copper sulphate crystals CuSO4. 5H2O contain 5 water molecules which are known as water of crystallization. When we heat the crystals, these water molecules are removed and the salt turns white. If we moisten the crystals again with water, the blue colour of the crystals reappear.
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Answer:
(a) 2Na + dil. 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2
By observing we can conclude that when active metal is added to dilute hydrochloric acid, its product will be salt and hydrogen.
(b) dil. 2HCl + Na(CO3) = 2NaCl + CO2 + H2
(reaction of acid with metal carbonate)
dil. HCl + Na(HCO3) = NaCl + CO2 + H2
(reaction of acid with metal hydrogen carbonate)
When dilute acid is added to a solution of metal carbonate or metal hydrogen carbonate, its products are salt, carbondioxide and hydrogen.
(c) CuSO4. 5H2O → CuSO4 + 5 H2O
The blue coloured copper sulphate crystals turns white due to the loss of water molecules. The formula of copper sulphate is CuSO4.5H2O. When copper sulphate is heated, it looses water molecules and hence it looses blue colour.