Question

1. Write the steps involved in the process of producing food.
2. Why do we make furrows after levelling the field?
3. What is a seed-drill? What is it used for?
Why do farmers add manure to the soil?
5. What is storage of grain?​

Answer 1

Answer:

Agriculture: The applied branch of biology which deals with cultivation of plants and rearing of animals is called agriculture. Generally, the art or practice of cultivating land is referred as agriculture. The branch of agriculture which deals with food, health and management of animals is known as animal husbandry.

•   Crop: When plants of the same kind are grown and cultivated at one place on a large scale is called as a crop.

•   Crops are also classified on the basis of the seasons as given below:

    ▸   Kharif Crops: The crops which are grown during the monsoon (rainy) season (June-September) are called kharif crops. For example, maize, millet (bajra) and cotton crops. Seeds of these crops are sown in the beginning of the monsoon season. After maturation, these crops are harvested at the end of the monsoon season (Oct.-Nov.).

    ▸   Rabi Crops: Crops which are grown during the winter season (October-March) are called rabi crops. For example, wheat, gram and mustard. Seeds of these crops are sown in the beginning of the winter season. After maturation of crops, they are harvested at the end of the winter season (April-May).

•   Agricultural Practices: All activities which farmers do for the cultivation of plants are called agricultural practices.

    For doing various activities, a farmer needs different types of tools. These tools which are involved in cultivation of plants are called agricultural implements. Farmers perform agricultural practices in a sequence.

•   Various Agricultural Practices:

         (i)  Preparation of soil          (ii)  Sowing          (iii)  Adding manure and fertilizers          (iv)  Irrigation          (v)  Protection from weeds          (vi)  Harvesting          (vii)  Storage.

•   Agricultural Implements:

    ▸   Plough     ▸   Hoe     ▸   Cultivator     ▸   Seed drill

•   Implements used for traditional ways of Irrigation:

    ▸(a) Moat (b) Dhekli     (c) Rahat     (d) Chain pump and     (e) Motor pumps

Explanation: