Question

1. WRUTE 10 LINES ON USEFUL OF MICROORGANISMS IN OUR LIFE?
2. WRITE A SHORT PARAGRAPH ON THE HARMFUL EFFECTS OF MICROORGANISMS?​

Answer 1

Answer:

• Lactobacillus is used to form curd from milk.
• Rhizobium present in pulse plants’ roots fix nitrogen from the air and supply nitrogen compounds to the pulse plants.
• Micro-organisms are also used in winemaking, baking, pickling, and other food-making processes.
• Alcoholic fermentation by yeast is widely used in the preparation of wine and bread.
• Microbes are used to reduce pollution. For example, decomposers such as bacteria and fungi break down dead bodies and excreta to form inorganic compounds, which plants can absorb.
• Microbes also play an important role in the preparation of medicines. Antibiotics are chemicals produced by microorganisms to kill bacteria. Penicillin is an antibiotic made from Penicillium.
• Bacteria in our intestine helps in proper digestion and release vitamin B, absorbed by the intestine.
• Many vaccines are prepared from micro-organisms. These vaccines are given to children to protect them from the disease.
• Certain microbes are also used in the biological treatment of sewage and industrial effluents.
• Yeast is used in making idli, bhaturas, bread, pastries, and cakes.

2)Harmful microorganisms include fungi, bacteria, protozoa, etc. They cause several diseases in human beings, animals, and plants which can even lead to death. The harmful microorganisms not only damage the human body but also the food we eat. Such disease-causing microorganisms are called pathogens.Some of the common diseases affecting humans are cholera, common cold, chicken pox and tuberculosis. Some microorganisms spoil food, clothing and leather. Disease-causing microorganisms in plants like wheat, rice, potato, sugarcane, orange, apple and others reduce the yield of crops.

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Answer 2

Answer:

2) Diseases in humans like common cold, tuberculosis, measles, chicken pox, polio, cholera, typhoid, hepatitis B, malaria, etc. are caused by microorganisms. Some serious diseases like anthrax is also caused in animals by the microbes. Some microbes are very dangerous while some are very useful. Some microbes which are present in our intestine helps us in absorbing nutrients from the food that we eat.

Explanation: