10) Discuss about Acellular organisms.
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Answer:
Cellular organisms are divided in two groups known as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The genetic material, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are arranged into structures called chromosomes. In the eukaryotic cell, the chromosomes are surrounded by a nuclear membrane forming a true nucleus. Eukaryotic cells contain a variety of organelles and a cytoskeleton, which is composed of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. The general structures of prokaryotic cells are a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and genetic material in the form of DNA and RNA. Unlike eukaryotes, the genetic material in prokaryotes is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane and lies in a region called the nucleoid. A prokaryotic chromosome is circular but in eukaryotes, the chromosome is linear. Some cells have other structures such as cell wall, pili, and flagella. The cell components play a vital role in survival, growth, and reproduction of the cell.