100 biological terms
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
→ abdomen
the region of the body between the thorax and the pelvis
→ abiogenesis
a hypothetical organic phenomenon by which living organisms are created from nonliving matter
→ absorption
a process in which one substance permeates another
→ activation energy
the energy that an atomic system must acquire before a process (such as an emission or reaction) can occur
→ active transport
transport of a substance (as a protein or drug) across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient; requires an expenditure of energy
→ allele
any of the forms of a gene that can occupy the same locus
→ alternation of generations
the alternation of two or more different forms in the life cycle of a plant or animal
→ anabolism
the synthesis in living organisms of more complex substances (e.g., living tissue) from simpler ones together with the storage of energy
→ antibiotic
a substance used to kill microorganisms and cure infections
→ antigen
any substance that stimulates an immune response in the body
→ appendicular skeleton
the part of the skeleton that includes the pectoral girdle and the pelvic girdle and the upper and lower limbs
→ asexual reproduction
reproduction without the fusion of gametes
→ atrium
a chamber connected to other chambers or passageways
→ axial skeleton
the part of the skeleton that includes the skull and spinal column and sternum and ribs
→ bilateral symmetry
the property of being symmetrical about a vertical plane
→ bile
a digestive juice secreted by the liver
→ biomass
the total amount of living matter in a given unit area
→ biome
major ecological community with distinct climate and flora
→ biosynthesis
production of a chemical compound by a living organism
→ bivalve
marine or freshwater mollusks having a soft body with platelike gills enclosed within two shells hinged together
→ bone marrow
the fatty network of connective tissue that fills the cavities of bones
→ botany
the branch of biology that studies plants
→ catabolism
breakdown in living organisms of more complex substances into simpler ones together with release of energy
→ catalyst
substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction
→ cell wall
a rigid layer of polysaccharides enclosing a plant membrane
→ cellulose
a polysaccharide that is the chief constituent of all plant tissues and fibers
→ centromere
a specialized condensed region of each chromosome that appears during mitosis where the chromatids are held together to form an X shape
→ cerebellum
a major division of the vertebrate brain
→ cerebrum
anterior portion of the brain consisting of two hemispheres
→ chemical change
process determined by substances' composition and structure
→ chitin
component of arthropods' exoskeletons and bodies of fungi
→ chlorophyll
any of green pigments found in photosynthetic organisms
→ chloroplast
plastid containing chlorophyll and other pigments
→ chromatin
the readily stainable substance of a cell nucleus consisting of DNA and RNA and various proteins; during mitotic division it condenses into chromosomes
→ chromosome
a threadlike strand of DNA that carries genes
→ circulatory system
the organs and tissues involved in circulating blood and lymph through the body
→ codon
a specific sequence of three adjacent nucleotides on a strand of DNA or RNA that specifies the genetic code information for synthesizing a particular amino acid
→ cohesion
the state of sticking together
→ commensalism
when one organism benefits from another without damaging it
→ community
a group of people living in a particular local area
→ compound eye
in insects and some crustaceans: composed of many light-sensitive elements each forming a portion of an image
→ concentration
the spatial property of being crowded together
→ conjugation
the state of being joined together
→ cotyledon
embryonic leaf in seed-bearing plants
→ cytology
the branch of biology that studies the structure and function of cells
→ cytolysis
pathological breakdown of cells by the destruction of their outer membrane