Question

11.Coal is a fossil fuel and is formed by
O (A) oxidation.
O (B) destructive distillation.
O (C) carbonisation.
O (D) combustion of plants.​

Answer 1

Answer:

combustion of plants is the correct answer

Answer 2

Answer:

(D) combustion of plants.

Explanation:

◉LET'S EXPLORE MORE

✯How is Coal Formed?

Coal is fossil fuel or fuel that comes from the remains of prehistoric plants or animals.

The formation of coal occurs over millions of years via a process known as carbonation. In this process, dead vegetation is converted into carbon-rich coal under very high temperature and pressure.

Minerals and energy play a very important role in the modern world. Rapid evolution in industrialization and growth in human population has increased the usage of minerals and different forms of energy to a very high level. But one has to understand that the natural resources are not unlimited. Fossil fuels such as natural gas, petroleum, and coal are used to meet most of our energy needs.

✯Formation of Coal (Process)

Coal is composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, moisture, and incombustible mineral matter (i.e., ash). When coal is burned, the carbon. Fluorinated gases are not formed by coal combustion. Coals are formed from the accumulation of vegetable debris in specialized environments.

Obtaining coal from the mines is a difficult job. First, the dirt above the coal deposit is removed. When the coal is exposed, explosives are used to break it into smaller pieces. The coal thus collected is loaded into wagons and lifted to the surface. The mines enter and leave the mine by an elevator through a vertical space called the shaft. Coal mines can easily catch fire and it is very difficult to bring the fire under control.

Coal takes millions of years to form. Millions of years ago, there were places on earth with dense forests in wetlands due to natural disasters such as floods, tsunami, landslides, etc. Over the years, over these forests more and more soil was compiling. These trees were protected by oxidation from biodegradation, usually via mud or acidic water. This traps the carbon in the sediments that were buried. Carbonization happens, carbonization is a phase in which vegetation becomes carbon. It is a slow process.

✯Process of Formation of Coal

Coal formed under somewhat more moderate conditions are called bituminous coals. These coals are found in flat or gently sloping seams, indicating that the strong geologic pressures operative in the formation of anthracite were not operative during formation of bituminous coal. Coals formed under the least severe conditions are called sub-bituminous coal. Coals formed under the least severe conditions are called sub-bituminous coals.

—☆First Stage – Peat

This is the first stage in the formation of coal. It is an organic substance which is formed due to the partial decomposition of dead matter. The partial decomposition is due to the accumulation of the matter underwater which cuts off the oxygen supply.

—☆Second Stage – Lignite

This is the second stage in the coal formation. It is a dark brown matter formed due to the pressure exerted by the sediments overlying the organic matter. It consists of traces of plants

—☆Third Stage – Bituminous Coal

This is the third stage in the formation of coal. It is formed due to the added pressure. This is also called as soft coal.

—☆Fourth Stage – Anthracite Coal

This is the fourth stage in the coal formation. It is formed due to the high pressure and high temperature for a long period of time. It is hard, lustrous and has the highest percentage of carbon among peat, lignite, bituminous and anthracite. This is also called as hard coal.

Petroleum and natural gas deposits are usually found in the coastal regions.

✯Uses of Coal

• Coal is a typical conventional solid fuel that has been exploited as an important source of fuel by humankind for thousands of years.

• The main use of coal is as fuel for electric power plants for which more than 50% of the coal produced in the world is used.

• The simplest use of coal is to burn it for heat. Coal was once used as a household heating and cooking fuel in Western nations.

• Other uses of coal that may be increasingly important in the future are in the production of liquid fuel by direct or indirect liquefaction to replace fuels made from petroleum, production of methanol a possible substitute for gasoline and production of synthetic gases.