11. "Democracy is of the people, for the people and by the people. Explain how the people
are rulers in a democracy
12. Why is the Indian Ocean named after our country? Give three reasons.
OR
Describe any three characteristics of the Himalayan mountains
Hitler felt that a strong Nazi society would be established only by teaching children Nazi
ideology". Explain the steps taken by Hitler to achieve his aim.
13.
OR
Describe, any three important points of Hitlers foreign policy.
14. "There is a great variation in the amount and type of precipitation in India". Justify the
statement.
15.
Describe the role of the Election Commission in holding free and fair elections in India.
16. How were the forests in India and Java affected by the first and second world wars?
Explain
Answers
11. Democracy is for the people, of the people , by the people , people are the rulers in democracy as they choose there leaders independently and those who rules the country are the people among the citizens.
People have right to choose there leaders by voting system.
12. The Indian Ocean is called so because it surrounds Indian sub continent. Probably in the ancient times, Sea vessels coming India for trade sailed through those waters to visit India and that is why they named it Indian Ocean.
13. Describe any three main features of hitler's foreign policy
* Hitler was able to get success with the help of England.
* He pulled off th e league of Nations in 1933
* Re occupied Rhineland in 1936.
* Annexed Austria and Germany in 1933 under the slogan "one people, one empire and one leader".
* Captured Sudentenland from Czechoslovakia. Later annexed the whole Czechoslovakia.
16. The First World War and the Second World War had a major impact on the forests across the world. This impact is stated in the points below
(i) In India, the Forest Department cut trees freely to meet British war demands.
(ii) In Java, the Dutch followed ‘a scorched earth’ policy, just before the Japanese occupied the region. They destroyed sawmills and burnt off huge piles of giant teak logs so that they would not fall into Japanese hands.
(iii) The Japanese exploited the forests recklessly for their own war industries and forced forest dwellers to cut down forests.
(iv) Many villagers took this opportunity for the expansion of cultivation land by cutting down the forests.
(v) After the war, it was difficult for the Indonesian forest service to get back this land.
(vi) In India people needed more agricultural land for cultivation for its increasing population. Forest department desired to control the land and excluded people from it. These different interests, led to a conflict between them.
15. It is responsible for administering all the electoral processes in India. ... Holding intervallic free and fair elections are essentials of democratic system. It is a part of the basic structure of the Constitution. The Election Commission is regarded as the guardian of free and fair elections.
Question :-
Why are forests affected by wars?
Answer :-
The wars affected the forests. The First World War and Second World War left a deep impact on the forests. The working plans were given up and trees cut to fulfil the war needs. In Java, just before the Japanese attacked the Island, the Dutch followed ‘a scorched earth’ policy destroyed sawmills and burnt huge piles of teak wood. When the Japanese, came to Java, they exploited the forests for their own needs.
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