11. Discuss the utility of the study of Political Theory,
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Answer:
Political science teaches understanding of politics and government:
The primary function of the study of the political science is to provide the understanding of politics and government, which are two of the more important forces in human life and society. Political science does not and cannot teach a man how to govern his country; it can yet provide him with the understanding of politics and government. It deals with them in their varied aspects and processes. It will inform and enlighten the common man and woman of various aspects and processes of politics and government. More importantly the knowledge will help a Politian in the proper performance in his or her role as a practitioner of politics. Consequently, the study of political science will enable to Politian to understand and improve the working of the government. Professor Robson writes” The purpose of political science is to throw light on political action and political ideas in order that the government by the man may be improved. Only if those entrusted with responsibility for accept the aims of deliberately attempting solve the political problems which confront mankind in each country and all nations collectively can we justify a large expenditure of time intellectual effort and money on political science.
Political science is the study of social choice:
Human life and society are always confronted with choosing between two alternatives and facing the consequences of the choice. If the choice is good success and achievement are the results if bad failure and suffering are the consequence. In politics however it is always between two groups or parties which may lead to dispute and or conflict over the alternatives. Political science is the study of how and why the choices are and why one line of action or choice is to be adopted. “Social choice is the essence of politics and political science is the study of how and why these choices are made. Finally it is the study of the choices themselves and their consequences whether they lead to golden ages or holocaust.”
Political science is a policy science a futurist science:
D. Lasswell says that political science is the policy science. Policy means a line of action chosen in the awareness of future and of its consequences. It is the choice between the two alternatives courses of action made on the basis of social good. Lasswell writes “Policy awareness implies the mobilization of the knowledge whether of trend or of condition that illuminates the shape of things to come.”
In the traditional societies is static, bound with custom and routine of life. Therefore in such societies there is no change and no development and political science does not really exist in such societies for there are no alternatives yet they suffer from consequences of their traditional ways of life. In the developed and advanced societies or countries where change is the law of life social development is consciously planned. In such a society political science becomes s future-oriented intellectual activity. It studies changes and development. It even aims at anticipating changes and developments, political and other in ones own and as well as in foreign countries. It thus becomes a policy. It is particularly so in the modern age of science and high technology which are transforming every aspect and every thing in human life, society, culture and politics. Political science has to be a problem-solving science, anticipating events and their immediate and future consequences. “The crucial point is”, writes Harold Lasswell, “that man is taking all evolution as a species the planned introduction of novels form of life or the evolutionary future of cosmos. The circuiting of events through the internal process of man and other higher forms of life is the policy making through which evolution can be affected. Given a potentiality of this kind political science comes to play a crucial role in the clarification of goals and strategies within the decision process not only for men not only for such developed forms of life as are created or discovered but for the universe as the whole. Government is the art of anticipation particularly in the modern age when every, government State and nation stands in a gladiator-like posture against almost every other government, state and nation of the world.
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