11.Farms which are owned by several farmers who pool their own resources voluntarily,work together and share produce and profit.
Farms based on Individual ownership
Farms based on Collective farming
Farms based on Co-operatives farming
Both i) and ii)
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Compares group farms that pool resources and individual small family farms, in terms of productivity and profitability.
Comparison is based on detailed data from author’s primary surveys in two states of India: Telangana and Kerala.
Kerala’s groups notably outperform individual farms in annual output/ha and net returns/farm; Telangana gets mixed results.
Factors such as novel institutional design, state support, group heterogeneity, commercial crops, underlie Kerala’s success.
Lessons learnt are relevant for replication elsewhere in South Asia and beyond, with context-specific design adaptation.
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