Question

11. Give an account of malaria, giving its cause, mode of
spread, symptoms and preventive measures.​

Answer 1

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects humans and other animals.

Malaria is caused by a protozoan Plasmodium and spread by female Anopheles mosquito.

Symptoms of malaria are:

(i) High fever with specific pattern of cold, hot and sweating stage.

(ii) Severe body ache (muscular pain).

The control measures of malaria are:

(i) Use insect repellent and mosquito net.

(ii) Cover open drain with kerosene oil.

(iii) Use prescribed dose of quinine to control the disease.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Malaria disease is most commonly spread by an infected female Anopheles mosquito.

Explanation:

SPREAD:

The mosquito bite introduces the parasites from the mosquito's saliva into a person's blood. The parasites travel to the liver where they mature and reproduce. Five species of Plasmodium can infect and be spread by humans.

SYMPTOMS:

High fever with specific pattern of cold, hot and sweating stage.

Severe body ache (muscular pain).

The control measures of malaria are:

Use insect repellent and mosquito net.

Cover open drain with kerosene oil.

Use prescribed dose of quinine to control the disease.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES:

There are two ways to deal with malaria – prevent the mosquito bite from happening (i.e preventative steps) or attack the parasites once they have infected the body. The first method advocates the use of mosquito nets and mosquito repellent such as permethrin to prevent mosquitoes from biting.