Question

11History first chapter all questions ans

Answer 1

Answer:

NCERT solutions

Explanation:

Answer:1

After going through the positive feedback mechanism following points can be inferred:

(a) Inputs that helped in tool making:

Increased brain size and capacity of brain

Upright walking

Visual surveillance long distance

Walking while foraging and hunting.

(b) The processes that were strengthened by tool making:

Upright walking

Increase in size and capacity of brain

Visual surveillance, long distance walking while foraging and hunting

Answer 2

Similarities

(a) Behaviour:

Humans Monkeys and Apes

1. Humans can climb on trees. Monkeys and apes can also climb on trees.

2. Mothers give birth to their young ones. Monkeys also give birth to their young ones.

b) Anatomy:

Humans Monkeys and Apes

1. Humans are vertebrates. 1. They are also vertebrates.

2. Humans have two feet and two hands. 2. Monkeys and apes are also quadrupeds.

Answer:3

According to the Regional Continuity Model, the Homo sapiens evolved in different regions at different rates into modern humans. So there was a variation in the first appearance of modern humans in different parts of the world. It was based on the regional differences in the features of present day humans. The advocates of this view found that the dissimilarities are due to the differences between the Homo erectus and Homo heidelbergensis populations of the same regions.

The Regional Continuity Model does not give a convincing explanation of the archaeological evidence.

Answer:4

Tool making is documented in the archaeological record.

Answer:5

(a) Use of language helped hunting activities of human beings in numerous ways:

Now people are in a position of organizing and managing hunting expeditions

They are now free to exchange their ideas about different animals in different regions.

They could now discuss the nature and behavior of animals.

They could now discuss regarding the types of tools to be used.

(b) Language helped in constructing shelters

• Now people could discuss regarding secure and safe places for the construction of shelters.
• Now people could gather information about the materials used in the construction of shelter.
• Information regarding resources in and around their surroundings can be easily obtained.
• They were now in a position to discuss the means to protect their shelters in severe conditions.

Other modes: Signs, symbols, cave paintings, engraving on walls and on the ceilings of caves were the other modes of communication used for various activities

Answer:6

Developments from Timeline-1

• The evidence of the first Hominids was found about 5.6 mya. The Hominids evolved from Hominoids. They had some common features. Hominids had larger brain than Hominoids. Hominids had an upright posture and bipedal locomotion. There was a marked difference in regard to hand. It helped them in use of tools.

• Around 2.5 mya, large parts of the earth were covered with snow. There were major changes in the environment. It led to expansion of grassland.

Developments from Timeline-2

• Around 200,000 years ago, the evolution of the voice box took place. After the evolution of voice box, now the man was about to speak and express his views.
• About 27,000 years ago, the earliest evidence of figurines made of fired clay was also found. The invention of sewing machines made the life of people more comfortable.