12. Define centrifugation.
13. Define distillation.
14. State any two applications of fractional distilla- tion.
15. How will you separate the components of the mixture containing sand, water and mustard oil?
16. Name the process used to recover salt from aqueous salt solution.
17. Name the technique used to squeeze out water from wet clothes while drying in a washing machine.
18. What is the significance of fractionating column in fractional distillation?
19. How will you detect the traces of poison present in the stomach wash of a person?
20. How are the impurities present in iron removed in industries?
Answers
Answer:
12. Centrifugation is the technique which involves the application of centrifugal force to separate particles from a solution according to their size, shape, density, viscosity of the medium and rotor speed.
13. Distillation refers to the selective boiling and subsequent condensation of a component in a liquid mixture. It is a separation technique that can be used to either increase the concentration of a particular component in the mixture or to obtain (almost) pure components from the mixture.
14. 1) To separate different gases from liquid air.
2)to separate various useful fractions such as gasoline, kerosene oil, diary oil, etc. from crude oil in petroleum industry.
15.1) Filter the mixture, Sand will remain on the filter paper.
2) Then pour the mixture of mustard oil and in separating funnel. Water will settle down at bottom and mustard oil will float on it. Then open the stopcock of the separating funnel and pour out the lower layer of water. Mustard oil will remain in the separating funnel.
16.Evaporation is the process which can be used to recover Salt from an aqueous salt solution.
17. Centrifugation Technique used to squeeze out water from wet clothes while drying in a washing machine.
18.A fractionating column or fractional column is an essential item used in the distillation of liquid mixtures to separate the mixture into its component parts, or fractions, based on the differences in volatilities.
19.Chromatography is used to detect and re identify traces of poison present in the stomach wash of a person. Explanation: Chromatography is the technique by which one can detect and identify if there is poison present in the stomach wash of a person.
20.By concentration of ore through magnetic separation and hydraulic washing. It is mixture of the iron filing as well as carbon powder can be separated by using the right magnet and it is in the form of the same way.