12. Tea cultivation is mainly confined to North Eastern states of India while the Coffee cultivation is confined to South-western
states of India. Explain the statement.
13. Why is Subsistence agriculture still practiced in certain parts of the country? Give three reasons also discuss the Salient
features Slash and burn agriculture?
14. What is a political party mention its components? What are the characteristics of a political party?
15. What is an Affidavit? Explain in four different manners that political parties are still in the grin of some serious challenge
Answers
Answer:
••√√¶¶¶¶¶¶The north-eastern part of India meets the ideal conditions for tea growth. With temperature ranging between 10 degrees and 30 degrees centigrade through the year and rainfall between 300 - 400 centimetres, the states of Assam and West Bengal lead in Tea cultivation.
The ideal conditions for cultivation of coffee is found in some south-eastern states of India, such as Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Temperature between 23 degrees to 28 degrees centigrade and rainfall of 60 - 80 inches, followed by 2 - 3 months of dry weather, make these states ideal for coffee cultivation.
••√√¶¶¶¶¶¶Subsistence agriculture is still practiced in certain parts of the country due to following reasons: (i) Small farmers have smaller landholdings which are uneconomical. (ii) Poor farmers don't have expensive fertilizers and high yielding varieties of seeds.
••√√¶¶¶¶¶¶¶In politics, a political party is an organized group of people who have the same ideology, or who otherwise have the same political positions, and who field candidates for elections, in an attempt to get them elected and thereby implement their agenda.
••¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶All over the world, people express-strong
dissatisfaction about the performance of the political parties.
In order to remain effective instrument of democracy, political parties need to overcome some challenges.
These are
(1) The first challenge is lack of democracy within parties. All over the world, there is a tendency in political parties towards the concentration of powers in one or few leaden at the top.
Parties do not keep membership registers, do not hold organisational meetings and do not conduct internal elections regularly.
(ii) The second challenge is dynastic succession where the top position of a party are always enjoyed by members of one particular family.
This trend is harmful for other members of the
party as well as for democracy. This tendency is
present in some measures all over the world.
enjoyed by members of one particular family.
This trend is harmful for other members of the party as well as for democracy. This tendency is present in some measures all over the world.
(iii) The third challenge is about the growing role of money and muscle power in parties which is specially observed during elections.
Rich people and companies who give funds to
the parties always have a say on the policies
and decisions of the party.
(iv) The fourth challenge is that very often parties do not seem to offer a meaningful choice to the voters. In our country, the difference among all the major parties on the economic policies have reduced. Sometimes, the same set of leaders keep shifting from one party to another, thus people have no option available to them.