Question

12. What are the differences between the transport of materials in xylem and phloem?
18. Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys with
respect to their structure and functioning.​

Answer 1

Answer:

A. 12. Xylem tissue helps in the transport of water and minerals.

Phloem tissue helps in the transport of food.

Water is transported upwards from roots to aerial parts of plants

Food is transported in both upward and downward directions.

Transport in xylem requires physical forces such as transpiration pull.

Transport of food in phloem requires energy in the form of ATP.

Explanation:

A. 13. STRUCTURE

1. Alveoli are tiny balloon-like structures present inside the lungs.

Nephrons are tubular structures present inside the kidneys.

2. The walls of the alveoli are one cell thick and it contains an extensive network of blood capillaries.

Nephrons are made of glomerulus, bowman’s capsule, and a long renal tube.

FUNCTION

1. The exchange of O2 and CO2 takes place between the blood of the capillaries that surround the alveoli and the gases present in the alveoli.

The blood enters the kidneys through the renal artery. The blood is entered here and the nitrogenous waste in the form of urine is collected by collecting duct.

2. Alveoli are the site of gaseous exchange.

Nephrons are the basic filtration unit.

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