Question

13. Complete the table given below to describe the two major domains of Earth.
(4 ma
Domain
Hydrosphere
Atmosphere
Meaning
Components
Significance for
humans​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

The lithosphere is a domain concerning land. When land is measured, it is measured by taking sea level as it’s base. The height of the land is also measured by denoting it as either ASL (Above Sea Level) or BSL (Below Sea Level).

For example, Mount Everest, the highest mountain on Earth is 8848 meters above the sea level and this is denoted as ASL (Above Sea Level) while Mariana Trench, deepest part on Earth is 11,022 meters BSL (Below Sea Level). These two constitute the two extremes of Lithosphere. When discussing Lithosphere we must understand the extent of the Continents.

Continents of the Earth

Source: Township Wiki

The Earth is divided into 7 continents. Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, and Australia. Continents are the most important domain as they inhibit the largest number of lifeforms.

Asia is the largest continent on Earth covering almost 1/3rd of the Earth’s land. Asia and Europe together form ‘Eurasia‘. It is followed by the continent of Africa.

Africa is unique in its own way because it is the only continent through which the Equator, the Tropic of Cancer, and the Tropic of Capricorn pass through.

Europe is located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere as well as some of it lies in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Thus it is most suitable for fishing and harbour activities.

North America and South America together form ‘Americas’. North America is the third largest continent on Earth. Isthmus of Panama connects North America to South America. The Northern Hemisphere is also called the Land Hemisphere because the greater part of Earth’s landmass lies in the Northern Hemisphere. Isthmus is an area of land or passage that connects two major continents.

Australia also known as Oceania is an island continent surrounded by the Indian and Pacific oceans. It is known for its, the Great Barrier Reef, a vast interior desert wilderness called the Outback, and unique animal species like kangaroos and duck-billed platypuses which are found nowhere else.

Antarctica is the southernmost continent and site of the South Pole, it is a virtually uninhabited and is in the completely ice-covered land. Australia and Antarctica entirely lie in the southern hemisphere