13. State Ohm's law, write the necessary conditions for its validity. How is this law verified
experimentally? What will be the nature of graph between potential difference and current
for a conductor? Name the physical quantity that can be obtained from this graph.
Answers
Explanation:
One of the most basic and important laws of electric circuits is Ohm’s law.
Ohm’s law states that the voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it, provided all physical conditions and temperature remain constant.
Mathematically, this current-voltage relationship can be written as,
Ohm's Law Equation
In the equation, the constant of proportionality, R is Resistance and has units of ohms, with symbol Ω.
The same formula can be rewritten in order to calculate the current and resistance respectively as follows:
Ohm's Law Equation
Ohm’s law only holds true if the provided temperature and the other physical factors remain constant. In certain components, increasing the current raises the temperature. An example of this is the filament of a light bulb, in which the temperature rises as the current is increased. In this case, Ohm’s law cannot be applied. The lightbulb filament violates Ohm’s Law.
Ohm’s Law Statement: Ohm’s law states that the voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it, provided all physical conditions and temperature, remain constant.
Ohm’s Law Equation: V = IR, where V is the voltage across the conductor, I is the current flowing through the conductor and R is the resistance provided by the conductor to the flow of current.
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