Question

14.Answer the following questions:-
(1) Explain the process of formation of petroleum with labelled diagram​

Answer 1

Answer:

The organisms which lived in the sea got buried at the bottom of oceans. Over a period of time, their dead bodies were covered with sediments. Intense pressure and heat under the earth’s layers transformed these organisms into petroleum.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Explanation:

It takes around millions of years for petroleum to form. It is formed due to the presence of decomposed carcasses of dead animals beneath the surface of the earth. These carcasses of dead animals are subjected to extreme pressure and heat. Over centuries, millions of animals lived and died to become fossilized, just in case of plant-based matter. Similarly, in the ocean, oceanic creatures drowned to the bottom of the ocean and got buried under the sand and rocks.

Decayed due to the presence of bacteria, the decomposed organic matter got buried deeper and deeper over the years. Over millions of years, high temperature, high pressure, the absence of air converted the dead animals to petroleum and coal. This liquefied form of dead organic matter is petroleum or crude oil. Crude oil is extracted from oil wells, these wells can be very deep. The oil extracted is later refined to form petrol, diesel, aviation fuel, paraffin wax, lubrication oil, etc.

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