Question

14. Define or explain chain isomerism and position isomerism
with examples in each case.
15. (a) Define the term isomerism. State two main causes
of isomerism.
(b) Draw the chain isomers of hexane (CH2).
(c) Draw position isomers of butene (C2H2).
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Answer 1

Answer:

14. Chain isomerism arises due to the difference in arrangement of C atoms in the chain. For example, there are two isomers of butane, C4H10. In one of them, the carbon atoms lie in a "straight chain" whereas in the other the chain is branched.

It is due to the difference in position of functional groups. For example, there are two structural isomers with the molecular formula C3H7Br. In one of them, the bromine atom is on the end of the chain, whereas in the other it is attached in the middle.

15.(a) One of two or more compounds, radicals, or ions that contain the same number of atoms of the same elements but differ in structural arrangement and properties.

Difference in mode of linking of atoms.

Difference in the arrangement of atoms or groups in space.

Explanation: