14. What is the main difference between tendons and ligaments?(2)
15. Explain hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solutions. (3)
16. Briefly describe striated and smooth muscles with their functions. (5)
Please tell fast
Answers
Answer:
14. tendons are connective tissues that attach skeletal muscles to bones. while ligaments are another type of connective tissue that attaches bone to bone.
16. Striated muscle tissue is a muscle tissue that features repeating functional units called sarcomeres. The presence of sarcomeres manifests as a series of bands visible along the muscle fibers, which is responsible for the striated appearance observed in microscopic images of this tissue. There are two types of striated muscles:
Cardiac muscle (heart muscle)
Skeletal muscle (muscle attached to the skeleton).
Smooth muscle is a type of muscle tissue which is used by various systems to apply pressure to vessels and organs. Smooth muscle is composed of sheets or strands of smooth muscle cells. These cells have fibers of actin and myosin which run through the cell and are supported by a framework of other proteins. Smooth muscle contracts under certain stimuli as ATP is freed for use by the myosin. The amount of ATP released depends on the intensity of the stimuli, allowing smooth muscle to have a graded contraction as opposed to the “on-or-off” contraction of skeletal muscle.
This specialized function of contracting for long periods and hold that force is why smooth muscle has been adapted to many areas of the body. Smooth muscle lines many parts of the circulatory system, digestive system, and is even responsible for raising the hairs on your arm.
Explanation:
hope it helps... mark me brainliest plz...
ANSWER 14 --
tendons = a) attaches bone to muscle.
b) can attach to an organ like an eyeball etc.
ligaments = a) attaches bone to bone
b) can't attach an organ.
ANSWER 15 --
- A hypotonic solution has a low solute concentration than the inside of the cells (solute concentration in the cell is high).
- A hypertonic solution contains a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution. The opposite solution with a lower concentration is known as the hypotonic solution.
- An isotonic solution is one that has the same osmolarity, or solute concentration, as another solution.
ANSWER 16 --
The striated muscle fibres are long or elongated, non-tapering, cylindrical and unbranched. These cells have a number of nuclei called sarcolemma.These muscle fibres shows alternate dark and light stripes or striations and so they are called as striated muscles. These muscles occur in muscles of limbs, body wall, face, neck, etc.
Functions of striated muscles:
1) Striated muscles are powerful and undergo rapid contraction and expansion.
2) Striated muscles provide the force for locomotion and all other voluntary movements of the body.
The smooth muscles are also known as unstriated or involuntary muscles. Smooth muscles occur as bundles or sheets of elongated fusiform or spindle-shaped cells or fibres. They are held together by loose connective tissue. These muscle fibres are uninucleate and do not bear any bands, stripes or striation across them.
These muscles are found in the walls of the alimentary canal and internal organs, ducts of glands and blood vessels. Smooth muscles are also found in the stomach, intestine, ureters, bronchi, iris of the eye, etc.
Functions of smooth muscles:
1) Smooth muscles do not work according to our will, so they are also called involuntary muscles. Movement of food in the alimentary canal or the contraction and relaxation of blood vessels are involuntary movements.
2) Smooth muscles contract slowly but can remain contracted for a long period of time. Due to this characteristic, the food passes to the next step of digestion in the alimentary canal.
please mark as brainliest if you are satisfied.