14. Which of the following is not the reason for the severe earthquake that 1 point
struck the Kachchh region in Gujarat? *
1Sea -floor spreading of the Indian Ocean
2Gradual northward movement of the Indian Plate
3The reactivated faults below the surface in the Kachchh region
4The Mid-Atlantic Ridge belt.
Answers
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Answer:
--> Tectonic setting
During the break-up of Gondwana in the Jurassic, this area was affected by rifting with a roughly west–east trend. The 2001 Gujarat earthquake was caused by movement on a previously unknown south-dipping fault, trending parallel to the inferred rift structures.
Local date: 26 January 2001
Magnitude: 7.7 Mw
Gujarat lies 300–400 km from the plate boundary between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate, but the current tectonics are still governed by the effects of the continuing continental collision along this boundary. During the break-up of Gondwana in the Jurassic, this area was affected by rifting with a roughly west–east trend. During the collision with Eurasia the area has undergone shortening, involving both reactivation of the original rift faults and development of new low-angle thrust faults. The related folding has formed a series of ranges, particularly in central Kutch.
The focal mechanism of most earthquakes is consistent with reverse faulting on reactivated rift faults. The pattern of uplift and subsidence associated with the 1819 Rann of Kutch earthquake is consistent with reactivation of such a fault.
The 2001 Gujarat earthquake was caused by movement on a previously unknown south-dipping fault, trending parallel to the inferred rift structures.