15. What are active methylene compounds? Give two examples. Why are they
considered as carbon acids?
Answers
Answer:
Active methylene compounds are those in which a methylene group (-CH2-) is sandwiched between two strong electron-withdrawing groups, usually two carbonyl groups.
The hydrogen atoms of such a methylene group are very significantly acidic. This is because the carbanion formed by the removal of a proton from the methylene group is well stabilized by the two adjacent electron-withdrawing carbonyl groups .
Examples:
(1) Diethyl malonate (malonic ester), CH2(COOC2H5)2
(2) Ethyl acetoacetate (acetoacetic ester), CH3COCH2COOC2H5
(3) Pentane-2,4-dione (acetyl acetone), CH3COCH2COCH3
Malonic ester and acetoacetic ester have tremendous synthetic importance in organic chemistry.
Answer:
Malonic acid.
Acetylacetone.
Malononitrile.A carbon acid is an organic substance that, when treated with a suitable base, donates a proton to that base by fission of a carbon-hydrogen bond. This definition is made in terms of one of the most important of all chemical reactions, that of proton abstraction from carbon.
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