Question

16
11. Identify the type of soil
having these features Soils are
black in colour due to diffusion
of iron in crystalline and
metamorphic rocks. They
develop deep cracks during hot
weather.​

Answer 1

*Interesting*

* ᴅᴏ ᴡᴇ ᴋɴᴏᴡ ᴀᴄᴛᴜᴀʟ ғᴜʟʟ ғᴏʀᴍ ᴏғ sᴏᴍᴇ ᴡᴏʀᴅs ? *

* ᴏᴋ *

ᴏᴛᴛᴏ ᴋʀᴏᴠᴇɴs

* ɴᴇᴡs ᴘᴀᴘᴇʀ *

ɴᴏʀᴛʜ ᴇᴀsᴛ ᴡᴇsᴛ sᴏᴜᴛʜ ᴘᴀsᴛ ᴀɴᴅ ᴘʀᴇsᴇɴᴛ ᴇᴠᴇɴᴛs ʀᴇᴘᴏʀᴛ

* ᴄʜᴇss *

ᴄᴀᴍᴇʟ, ʜᴏʀsᴇ, ᴇʟᴇᴘʜᴀɴᴛ, sᴏʟᴅɪᴇʀs

* ᴄᴏʟᴅ *

ᴄʜʀᴏɴɪᴄ ᴏʙsᴛʀᴜᴄᴛɪᴠᴇ ʟᴜɴɢ ᴅɪsᴇᴀsᴇ

* ᴊᴏᴋᴇ *

ᴊᴏʏ ᴏғ ᴋɪᴅs ᴇɴᴛᴇʀᴛᴀɪɴᴍᴇɴᴛ

* ᴀɪᴍ *

ᴀᴍʙɪᴛɪᴏɴ ɪɴ ᴍɪɴᴅ

* ᴅᴀᴛᴇ *

ᴅᴀʏ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛɪᴍᴇ ᴇᴠᴏʟᴜᴛɪᴏɴ

* ᴇᴀᴛ *

ᴇɴᴇʀɢʏ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛᴀsᴛᴇ

* ᴛᴇᴀ *

ᴛᴀsᴛᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ᴇɴᴇʀɢʏ ᴀᴅᴍɪᴛᴛᴇᴅ

* ᴘᴇɴ *

ᴘᴏᴡᴇʀ ᴇɴʀɪᴄʜᴇᴅ ɪɴ ɴɪʙ

* sᴍɪʟᴇ *

sᴡᴇᴇᴛ ᴍᴇᴍᴏʀɪᴇs ɪɴ ʟɪᴘs ᴇxᴘʀᴇssɪᴏɴ

* sɪᴍ *

sᴜʙsᴄʀɪʙᴇʀ ɪᴅᴇɴᴛɪᴛʏ ᴍᴏᴅᴜʟᴇ

* ᴇᴛᴄ *

ᴇɴᴅ ᴏғ ᴛʜɪɴᴋɪɴɢ ᴄᴀᴘᴀᴄɪᴛʏ

* ᴏʀ *

ᴏʀʟ ᴋᴏʀᴇᴄ (ɢʀᴇᴇᴋ ᴡᴏʀᴅ)

* ʙʏᴇ *

ʙᴇ ᴡɪᴛʜ ʏᴏᴜ ᴇᴠᴇʀʏᴛɪᴍᴇ.

* sʜᴀʀᴇ ᴛʜᴇsᴇ ᴍᴇᴀɴɪɴɢs ᴀs ᴍᴀᴊᴏʀɪᴛʏ Won'ᴛ ᴋɴᴏᴡ *

Answer 2

Explanation:

1. Alluvial Soils

Formation: They are mainly derived from the debris brought down from the Himalayas or the silt left out by the retreating sea. Thus they are azonal soils.

Areas: Alluvial soils are widespread in the northern plains and the river valleys. Through a narrow corridor in Rajasthan, they extend into the plains of Gujarat. In the Peninsular region, they are found in deltas of the east coast and in the river valleys.

Soil texture: The alluvial soils vary in nature from sandy loam to clay. These soils are more loamy and clayey in the lower and middle Ganga plain and the Brahmaputra valley. The sand content decreases from the west to east.

Soil Colour: The colour of the alluvial soils varies from the light grey to ash grey depending on the depth of the deposition, the texture of the materials, and the time taken for attaining maturity.

Other Characteristic Features: by

Khadar: the newer alluvium deposited by floods annually, enriches the soil by depositing fine silts, light colour, found near river beds, porous in nature.Bhangar: older alluvium, clayey, darker, has lime nodules called Kankars, found in doabs (inter-fluve areas).

Alluvial soils of the northern plains —> transported soils —> therefore lack humus —> lack nitrogen [That is why we need to use nitrogenous fertilisers in the northern plains!]. Exception: the Ganga-Brahmaputra delta region is rich in humus.

These soils lack in nitrogen, phosphorus and humus. However, they are generally rich in potash and lime.

The soil profile has no stratification.

Alluvial soils are intensively cultivated.

In certain areas, these soils are covered with unproductive wind-borne soil called Loess.

Limitations:

Allow water to sink into lower strata, and

Lack nitrogen (But these soils are capable of fixing nitrogen very rapidly through leguminous crops (peas, beans, cloves etc.)

Suitable Crops: Wheat, rice, maize, sugarcane, pulses, oilseeds, fruits and vegetables, leguminous crops.

In the Upper and Middle Ganga plain, two different types of alluvial soils have developed, viz. Khadar and Bhangar.