16.(i) With suitable examples, explain the energy flow through different trophic levels. What does each bar in this pyramid represent?
(ii) Write any two limitations of ecological pyramids.
Answers
(i)The energy flows unidirectionally from the first trophic level (producers) to last trophic level (consumers), and as the energy flows from one trophic level to another, some energy is always lost as heat into the surrounding environment. So, the amount of energy flowing decreases at each successive trophic levels.
This can be explained with the help of a diagram of a grazing food chain.
The pyramid of energy is always upright and each bar in the pyramid indicates the amount of energy the present at each trophic level in a given time or per unit area:
(ii) The limitations of ecological pyramids are:
- It does not consider the same single species operating at two or more trophic levels.
- It assumes simple food chains that do not exist in nature and do not accomodate food web.
- Saprophytes, detritivores and decomposers are not given any place in pyramids, despite their vital role in ecosystem (any two).
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Answer:
(ii) The ecological pyramid is the representation of the different organisms or trophic levels in a food chain in the form of a pyramid. The limitations of ecological pyramids are:
The decomposers which are a major part of the food chain, are not given any place in any trophic level.
The organisms from the same species may be present in one or more trophic level but are considered in the same level.
The food web is not considered in the ecological pyramid but only the details of the food chain are shown.
(I)Each bar in pyramid represents tropic level.
that image first one ok
Explanation:
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