17. Compare in tabular form the reactivities of the following metals with cold and hot water.
a) Potassium b) Calcium
c) Iron.
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•Potassium•
↪Potassium is a chemical element with the symbol K (from Neo-Latin kalium) and atomic number 19.
↪Potassium is a silvery-white metal that is soft enough to be cut with a knife with little force.
•Calcium.
↪Calcium is a silvery-white metal; it is relatively soft, but much harder than sodium metal.
↪Calcium is a member of the alkaline-earth metals (Group II on the periodic table); these metals react vigorously with water, although not as violently as the Group I metals such as sodium or potassium:
Ca(s) + 2H2O(l) ——> Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g).
•Iron•
↪Steel is an alloy of iron with typically a few percent of carbon to improve its strength and fracture resistance compared to iron.
↪Many other additional elements may be present or added.
↪Stainless steels that are corrosion and oxidation resistant need typically an additional 11% chromium.
↪Because of its high tensile strength and low cost, steel is used in buildings, infrastructure, tools, ships, trains, cars, machines, electrical appliances, and weapons.
↪Iron is the base metal of steel and it can take on two crystalline forms (allotropic forms): body centred cubic and face-centred cubic.
↪These forms depend on temperature.
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