Question

17. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(1) Addition of hops prevent bacterial growth in brewing of beer.
(2) Lactic acid produced by bacteria preventsgrowth of yeasts in milk curds.
(3) Genes taken from bacteria in transgenic corn plants prevents insect damages.
(4) Promotion of bacterial growth can reduce pollution caused by oil spilis in sea water.
(5) Naturally acquired passive immunity protects infants from infectious diseases.​

Answer 1

Among the given statements, the incorrect statement is ' Lactic acid produced by bacteria prevents the growth of yeasts in milk curds'.

1. Addition of hops prevents bacterial growth in the brewing of beer.

• Hops are flowers of a particular type of plant used to brew beer to make it last longer and to keep the beer fresh by preventing the growth of bacteria.

2.  Lactic acid produced by bacteria prevents the growth of yeasts in milk curds.

• The yeast growth rate is higher in an acidic medium. Thus, acids are used to promote the growth of yeast effectively.

Thus, lactic acid produced by bacteria does not prevent but instead promotes the growth of yeasts in milk curds.  

(3) Genes taken from bacteria in transgenic corn plants prevents insect damage.

• The genes extracted from bacteria are placed into the genetically modified corns to avoid damage from insects.

• Bacterial genes are toxic to insects which on ingestion kill the insects.

(4) Promotion of bacterial growth can reduce pollution caused by oil spills in seawater.

• Oil spill in seawater is a threat to our ecosystem.
• Scientists have concluded that the pollution caused by oil spills in seawater can be controlled as these bacteria feed the oil.

Thus. promotion of such bacteria may be effective to reduce pollution.

(5) Naturally acquired passive immunity protects infants from infectious diseases.​

• A naturally developed passive immunity refers to the immunity derived from the mothers to their infants during breastfeeding or through the placenta in the mother's womb.
• It helps infants combat infectious disease-causing organisms.

Answer 2

Answer: (2) _Lactic acid produced by bacteria preventsgrowth of yeasts in milk curds.

Explanation:

The incorrect statement is 'Lactic acid produced by bacteria inhibits the growth of yeast in milk curds'.

1. The addition of hops prevents the growth of bacteria in the brewing process.

Hops are the flowers of a type of plant used to make beer to last longer and keep the beer fresh by preventing bacterial growth.

2. The lactic acid produced by bacteria inhibits the growth of yeast in milk curds.

Yeast growth rate is high in acidic environments. Therefore, acids are used to promote the growth of yeast effectively. Therefore, the lactic acid produced by bacteria does not inhibit but instead promotes the growth of yeast in milk curds.

(3) Genetics derived from bacteria in transgenic maize plants prevent insect damage.

Genetically modified genes are inserted into genetically modified corns to prevent insect damage. Bacterial genes are toxic to insects that, if eaten, will kill insects.

(4) Encouraging microbial growth can reduce pollution caused by oil spills in seawater.

Oil spills in seawater are a threat to our ecosystem. Scientists have concluded that pollution caused by oil spills in seawater can be controlled as these bacteria absorb oil. So. the promotion of such bacteria may be effective in reducing pollution.

(5) Natural antibodies protect infants from infectious diseases

Natural antibodies refer to vaccinations that mothers receive from their babies during breastfeeding or through the placenta in the mother's womb. It helps newborns fight infections that cause infectious diseases.

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