Question

18. ‘Fitness is the ability to adapt to the demands placed an individual by their environment’ was the statement given by ________________.
a) Don Hoskins
b) Frederick Levy
c) Drew Foster
d) Daniel Andrews​

Answer 1

Answer:

b is correct

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Answer 2

Answer:

The correct answer is option B

Explanation:

Fitness is the ability to adapt to the demands placed an individual by their environment’ was the statement given by  Frederick Levy

• Fitness is based on certain characteristics which are inherited and the ability to adapt to the changing environment. It is the result of adaptation because a fit individual survives and unfit individuals are eliminated from the population. Individuals continuously compete with each other in a population for food, space, and light. The one which is better adapted and naturally selected by nature survives and reproduces.  
• For example, industrial evidence: It is a case of natural selection. In England, it was observed before industrialization that white-winged moths were more than dark-winged moths. But the situation became reversed after industrialization. it was found that predators would spot and pick a moth against a contrasting background.
• During pre-industrialization, the tree trunks were covered with white lichens and on white-background dark-colored moths could be picked up.  During post-industrialization, the tree trunks were covered by dark, dust, and coal particles and became dark, on which white moths could easily be picked up. Thus, it was found that industrial melanism supports evolution by natural selection.