19. (a) Describe the farmers of
india ?
Answers
Answer:
The Indian farmer had discovered and begun farming many spices and sugarcane more than 2500 years ago. Did you know that our country is the 2nd largest producer of agricultural products in the world? In fact, agriculture contributes as much as 6.1% (as of 2017) to our Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Let us find out about the different methods adopted by an Indian farmer and how it helps him grow all the variety of crops that we consume and export.Farming is one of the oldest economic activity in our country. Different regions have different methods of farming. However, all these methods have significantly evolved over the years with changes in weather and climatic conditions, technological innovations and socio-cultural practices. Farming methods prevalent in India can be classified as follows.This is a primitive farming method and farmers still practice it in some parts of the country. While this type of subsistence farming is typically done on small areas of land, it also uses indigenous tools like a hoe, Dao, digging sticks, etc. Usually, a family or the local community of Indian farmers are engaged in this farming method who use the output for their own consumption. This is the most natural method, where the growth of crops but dependent on the rain, heat, fertility of the soil and other environmental conditions.
The key to this farming technique is the ‘slash and burn’ method. In this practice, once the crops are grown and harvested, the farmers burn the land. They then move to a clear patch of land for a new batch of cultivation. As a result, the land gains back its fertility, naturally. Because no fertilizers are used for cultivation, the primitive subsistence method yields good quality crops and also retains the properties of the soil.
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Introduction to Agriculture
Different names of this farming method are:
‘Jhumming’ in the North-Eastern states of Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Pamlou district of Manipur, Bastar district of Chattisgarh, and in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
‘Bewar’ or ‘Dahiya’ in Madhya Pradesh
‘Podu’ or ‘Penda’ in Andhra Pradesh,
‘Pama Dabi’ or ‘Koman’ or Bringa’ in Orissa
‘Kumari’ in the Western Ghats
‘Valre’ or ‘Waltre’ in South-eastern Rajasthan
‘Kuruwa’ in Jharkhand and
‘Khil’ in the Himalayan region
Crops grown: Some of the crops grown through the primitive method are bananas, cassava, rice, maize, and millet.
Learn more about the Agriculture in India here.
Intensive Subsistence Farming
This is yet another variation of subsistence farming. In this method, cultivation happens across larger areas of land and thus, it is labor-intensive. Also, to get a high quantity of produce chemical fertilizers and different irrigation methods are used to yield more crops.
Crops grown: Intensive subsistence farming yields two types of crops- wet and dry. While the wet crops include paddy, the dry ones vary from wheat, pulses, maize, millets, to sorghum, soya-beans, tubers, and vegetables.
Explanation:
Answer:
A farmer in India is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food and raw materials. MARK IT AS THE BRAINLIEST