1s loudness of sound? What factors does it depend on
17. Explain how bats use ultrasound to catch a prey.
18. How is ultrasound used for cleaning?
19. Explain the working and application of a sonar.
20. A sonar device on a submarine sends out a signal and receives an echo $s
later. Calculate the speed of sound in water if the distance of the object
from the submarine is 3625 m.
21. Explain how defects in a metal block can be detected using ultrasound.
22. Explain how the human ear works.
Answers
Explanation:
1)Loudness of a sound depends on the amplitude of the vibration producing that sound. Greater is the amplitude of vibration, louder is the sound produced by it. The amplitude of the sound depends upon the force with which an object is made to vibrate.
2)The bats produce the ultrasonic wave which gets reflected from the prey and returns to the bats' ears. This makes the bat to find out the distance and position of the prey.
3)Ultrasonic cleaning uses cavitation bubbles induced by high frequency pressure (sound) waves to agitate a liquid. The agitation produces high forces on contaminants adhering to substrates like metals, plastics, glass, rubber, and ceramics. This action also penetrates blind holes, cracks, and recesses.
4)The full form of SONAR is SOund Navigation and Ranging. The SONAR method is also called echo ranging. It is a device that utilizes ultrasonic waves to estimate and measure the distance, direction and speed of objects underwater
5)
ANSWER
Time of receiving of an echo t=5 s
Distance between the object and the submarine d=3625 m
Thus the sound wave travels a distance of 2d in 5 seconds.
Let the speed of sound in water be v
∴ 2d=v×t
2×3625=v×5 ⟹v=1450 ms−1
6)Ultrasounds can be used to detect cracks and flaws in metal blocks. ... Ultrasonic waves are allowed to pass through the metallic block and detectors are used to detect the transmitted waves. If there is even a small defect, the ultrasound gets reflected back indicating the presence of the flaw or defect.
7)The sound waves are gathered by the outer ear and sent down the ear canal to the eardrum. The sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate, which sets the three tiny bones in the middle ear into motion. The motion of the bones causes the fluid in the inner ear or cochlea to move.
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