2.Answer in detail.
1. Why did Gandhi decide to launch a nationwide Satyagraha.
proposed Rowlett Act, 1919? How was it organized? Explain.
against the
2. How did the First World War help in the growth of the National
Movement in India ? Explain
Answers
Answer:
answer (l)
Gandhiji decided to launch a nationwide Satyagraha against the proposed Rowlatt Act, 1919, because
1) It gave enormous power to the government and no power to the leaders.
2) This law was hurriedly passed even after the united opposition by the Indians and other Indian leaders.
3) It allowed the detention of political leaders without any trial for three years.
4) It means that the British Government can arrest any Indian leader without any proof of crime.
answer(ll)
During the First World War, the British army conducted forced recruitment from rural areas in India. To finance the defence expenditure, high custom duties and income taxes were imposed. Also, during 1918-19 and 1920-21, crops failed in many parts of India, thereby resulting in acute food shortages. All this caused extensive anger and opposition against the British colonial rule, and the national movement of India headed towards a stronger, more definitive direction.