2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.
(ii) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three
main features of this type of soil.
(iii) What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas?
(iv) What are the biotic and abiotic resources? Give some examples.
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Answer 1 = (i) Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh are the three states where black soil is found and cotton is the main crop grown in black soil. (ii) Alluvial Soil is found in river deltas.
answer 2= Alluvial Soil is found in river deltas. Three main features of this type of soil are: It is very fertile. It is rich in potash, phosphoric acid and lime.
answer 3= Following steps are taken to control the soil erosion in hilly areas: (i) Contour ploughing: this refers to ploughing along contour lines. (ii) Terrace farming: construction of steps along the hilly areas by cutting the rock layers to reduce the flow of rivers. (iii) Plugging of gullies to prevent gully erosion.
answer 4= Examples of abiotic factors are air, water, sunlight, soil, and minerals. Biotic factors live or once-living organisms within the ecosystem. Abiotic factors are everything which belongs to the non-living things in an ecosystem.
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